He became Speaker of the Québec legislature in 1930 and entered the Taschereau government in 1935.
Bouchard became Opposition leader in 1936, entered the government of Joseph-Adélard Godbout in 1939, and in 1944 was appointed by Prime Minister Mackenzie King to the Senate. Bouchard was best known for his 1944 charges that a French Canadian secret society, the Ordre de Jacques Cartier, was a danger to Canadian society.