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Romania is a country in southeastern Europe. It is bordered by Bulgaria, Serbia, Hungary, Ukraine, Moldova and the Black Sea. The 2016 census reported 235, 050 people of Romanian origin in Canada (96, 910 single and 141, 145 multiple responses).
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Romeo Saganash, lawyer, politician, advocate for Indigenous rights (born 28 October 1962 in Waswanipi, a Cree community southeast of James Bay in central Quebec). Saganash is Quebec’s first Indigenous Member of Parliament and the province’s first Cree person to receive an undergraduate law degree. He is believed to be the first Indigenous leader in Canada to run for the leadership of a major political party. For the last 20 years, Saganash has represented the Cree at numerous national and international forums concerning Indigenous issues. He spent 23 years helping to negotiate the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples — a resolution that provides a framework to implement treaty rights between First Peoples and Canada and to fulfill other obligations in international agreements. He has spent his life furthering the economic, environmental, legal and constitutional rights of Indigenous peoples in Canada, particularly the Cree in the James Bay region.
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Rooster Town was a largely Métis community that existed on the southwest fringes of suburban Winnipeg from 1901 until the late 1950s. While there were numerous urban Métis fringe communities on the Prairies and in British Columbia, their history has been relatively forgotten. (See also Métis Road Allowance Communities.)
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Rosaire Morin, CQ, author and militant nationalist (born 2 September 1922 in St-Honoré de Témiscouata, QC; died 14 April 1999 in Montréal, QC). Editor-in-chief of L’Action nationale, Rosaire Morin was involved in the Québec nationalist movement throughout his life.
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Rosalie Silberman Abella, FRSC, justice of the Supreme Court of Canada 2004–21, justice of the Ontario Family Court 1976–92, justice of the Ontario Court of Appeal 1992–2004, lawyer (born 1 July 1946 in Stuttgart, Germany). Rosalie Silberman Abella is the first Jewish woman and the first former refugee to be appointed to the Supreme Court of Canada. She was also both the youngest person and the first pregnant person to become a judge in Canada. Abella served as a justice on the Supreme Court from 2004 until 2021. She is best known for her advocacy for employment equity, for determining the legal context that bars employment discrimination, and for extending survivor benefits to same-sex couples. She has received 40 honorary degrees and has been inducted into Canada’s Walk of Fame.
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Rose-Anna Vachon (née Giroux) entrepreneur, pastry chef (born 14 April 1877 in Saint-Elzéar-de-Beauce (Saint-Elzéar), QC; died 2 December 1948 in Sainte-Marie-de-la-Nouvelle-Beauce, QC). Rose-Anna Vachon founded a bakery in 1923 together with her husband, Joseph-Arcade Vachon. At first, the bakery was a family business, but by the late 1930s, Vachon cakes, such as the popular Jos Louis, were being produced on an assembly line (see Industrialization in Canada).
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Rose Mamelak Johnstone, FRSC, biochemist (born 14 May 1928 in Lodz, Poland; died 3 July 2009 in Montreal, QC). Rose Johnstone is best known for her discovery of exosomes, a key development in the field of cell biology. These tiniest of structures originating in all cells of the human body are vehicles that transport proteins, lipids and RNA from one cell to another. A pioneer of women in science, Johnstone was the first woman to hold the Gilman Cheney Chair in Biochemistry and the first and only woman chair of the Department of Biochemistry in McGill University’s Faculty of Medicine.
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Rosemary Brown, née Wedderburn, OC, OBC, social worker, politician (born 17 June 1930 in Kingston, Jamaica; died 26 April 2003 in Vancouver, BC). Rosemary Brown was Canada's first Black female member of a provincial legislature and the first woman to run for leadership of a federal political party.
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Roy Akira Miki, academic, poet, critic, editor, activist (born 10 October 1942 in Winnipeg, MB).
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Roy LeMoyne, architect, teacher, author, air force officer (b at Lafleche, Sask 4 July 1920; d at Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Qué 4 June 2002). LeMoyne served in the RCAF from 1942 to 1945 as a Flying Officer with 113 (Bomber-Reconnaissance) Squadron.
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Ruben Javier Cusipag, journalist, social activist (born 12 July 1938 in Paco, Manila; died 9 July 2013 in Markham, Ontario). Cusipag was a pioneer in Filipino Canadian journalism. He contributed to several newspapers and was the founding editor of Atin Ito, one of Canada’s oldest Filipino newspapers, and founder of the Toronto-based newspaper Balita. Cusipag also co-authored Portrait of Filipino Canadians in Ontario (1960-1990) (1993). (See also Filipino Canadians.)
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Rupert Raj, transgender activist, trans social author, former psychotherapist (born 10 February 1952 in Ottawa, ON). Raj is a transgender pioneer who dedicated his career to clinical research, counselling and advocacy for the transgender community. Raj established (and co-established) some of Canada's earliest trans advocacy organizations, including the Foundation for the Advancement of Canadian Transsexuals (disbanded). Raj also established the first known national transsexual newsletter in Canada, Gender Review: A FACTual Journal. (See also Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Rights in Canada.)
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Up until the second half of the 19th century, most rural teachers in Canada were young, female, poorly paid, and held the most limited professional qualifications. These teachers delivered a rudimentary education to thousands of Canada’s rural children, often amidst difficult conditions. Indeed, until the 1960s, rural teachers frequently taught students of various ages and wide-ranging academic abilities together in one-room schoolhouses while also shouldering the burden of maintaining the schools themselves.
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People from Russia have been in Canada since at least the late 18th century. Over time, more and more Russians immigrated and settled in Canada. In the 2016 census, 622,445 Canadians reported being of Russian origin.
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Ruth Lor Malloy (née Lor), journalist, writer, activist (born 4 August 1932, in Brockville, ON). Malloy was a key figure in fighting against discrimination in Ontario in the 1950s (see Prejudice and Discrimination in Canada). She participated in the high profile Dresden restaurant sit-in of 1954. In 1973, she published the first English-language guidebook to China in North America. Throughout her decades-long career, Malloy worked tirelessly to foster intercultural dialogue and justice for marginalized groups.
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