Air Force | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Oliver Milton Martin

    Oliver Milton Martin, Kanyen'kehà:ka (Mohawk) army officer, air force pilot, teacher, principal, magistrate (born 9 April 1893, in Ohsweken, Six Nations of the Grand River First Nation, ON; died 18 December 1957 in Toronto, ON). Martin served in the Canadian Army during both world wars. During the First World War, he fought on the Western Front as a commissioned officer and later trained as an observer and pilot. During the Second World War, Martin commanded home defence brigades in Canada. He reached the rank of brigadier, the highest rank attained by an Indigenous soldier to that point. After the war, he worked in education and was the first Indigenous person appointed as a provincial magistrate in Ontario.

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  • Article

    Paul Hellyer

    Paul Theodore Hellyer, PC, politician, engineer, businessman, writer (born 6 August 1923 near Waterford, ON; died 8 August 2021 in Toronto, ON). A long-time Member of Parliament (MP), Paul Hellyer served in the cabinets of prime ministers Lester B. Pearson and Pierre Trudeau, and was the longest-serving member of the Privy Council at the time of his death. As defence minister, he oversaw Canada’s adoption of nuclear weapons and organized the unification of the armed forces. Hellyer contested the leadership of both the Liberal and Progressive Conservative parties and led two small federal parties of his own creation. He was a notable critic of free trade and advocated for monetary reform. He also gained international notoriety for claiming that Western governments possess — and have been suppressing — evidence of UFOs and extraterrestrial life.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Paul_Hellyer_1940s.jpg Paul Hellyer

  • Article

    Raymond Collishaw

    Raymond Collishaw, CB, DSO & Bar, OBE, DSC, DFC, fighter pilot, senior Royal Air Force (RAF) commander, businessman (born 22 November 1893 in Nanaimo, BC; died 28 September 1976 in West Vancouver, BC). Collishaw was one of the great aces of the First World War and an important RAF commander in the North African theatre during the Second World War.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/07c16822-1de3-4453-8fde-aa2171cd45ef.jpg Raymond Collishaw

  • Article

    RCAF Flyers

    The RCAF (Royal Canadian Air Force) Flyers was a men’s amateur hockey team comprised mostly of RCAF personnel that was assembled quickly to represent Canada at the 1948 Winter Olympics. After losing exhibition games in Canada, the media declared the team a national embarrassment. Several roster changes improved the team and it won the Gold Medal at the Olympic Winter Games in St. Moritz, Switzerland.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/f5cb5d73-b4a3-4a09-8459-abd349f2005d.jpg RCAF Flyers

  • Article

    RCAF Women's Division

    Members of the Women’s Division (WD) of the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) were wartime pioneers. Thousands of young Canadian women volunteered to serve at home and abroad during the Second World War as part of the air force. By replacing men in aviation support roles, they lived up to their motto — "We Serve that Men May Fly” — and, through their record of service and sacrifice, ensured themselves a place in Canadian history.

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  • Editorial

    Andrew Mynarski's Thirteenth Mission

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/b05b4a40-de07-4dba-aca6-b02911771b6d.jpg Andrew Mynarski's Thirteenth Mission

  • Article

    Richard Rohmer

    Richard Rohmer, maj-gen (retired), lawyer, writer (b at Hamilton, Ont 24 Jan 1924).

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  • Article

    Robert Hilborn Falls

    Robert Hilborn Falls, naval officer (b at Welland, Ont 29 Apr 1924). Falls joined the RCAF in late 1942 and trained as a pilot.

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  • Article

    Robert Leckie

    Robert Leckie, CB, DSO, DSC, DFC, CD, pilot, air marshal (born 16 April 1890 in Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom; died 31 March 1975 in Ottawa, Ontario). Robert Leckie was a decorated flying-boat pilot who served in the Royal Naval Air Service in the First World War. Leckie served with the Royal Air Force in the interwar period and was seconded to the Canadian Air Board from 1919 to 1922. After further senior posts in the RAF, he returned to Canada during the Second World War to oversee the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCAPT) from 1940 to 1944. Leckie transferred to the Royal Canadian Air Force in 1942 and served as Chief of the Air Staff from 1944 to 1947.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/RobertLeckie.jpg Robert Leckie

  • Collection

    Royal Canadian Air Force

    On 1 April 2024, the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) will mark its 100th anniversary. Canada didn't have its own air force during the First World War, although more than 20,000 Canadians served in a British Empire flying service. After the war, Canada established an Air Board to develop aviation policy, leading to a Canadian Air Force or “flying militia” that used wartime flyers and surplus British aircraft. On 1 April 1924, the air service...

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  • Article

    Sam Steele

    Sir Samuel Benfield Steele, CB, KCMG, mounted policeman, soldier (born 5 January 1848 in Medonte, Canada West; died 30 January 1919 in London, England). As a member of the North-West Mounted Police, Steele was an important participant in the signing of Treaty 6 and Treaty 7, the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway, the North-West Rebellion and the Klondike gold rush. His military career began as a private in the Red River Expedition, included service in the South African War as an officer commanding Lord Strathcona’s Horse and as a major general during the First World War.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/a64c2753-6c2c-4abe-a75b-d9e9202495e4.jpg Sam Steele

  • Article

    Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe

    Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe, army officer and colonial administrator (b at Boston, Mass 15 Jul 1763; d at Edinburgh, Scot 17 Jul 1851).

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  • Article

    Sir William Stephenson

    At the beginning of WWII, Stephenson was placed in charge of British Security Co-ordination (counterespionage) in the Western Hemisphere, with headquarters in New York C (where the telegraphic address was INTREPID - later popularized as Stephenson's code name).

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/7d01a06d-ff68-48a9-ad16-69db7e329c58.jpg Sir William Stephenson

  • Article

    Stuart Graham

    Stuart Graham, aviator (b at Boston, Mass 2 Sept 1896; d at Port Charlotte, Fla 16 July 1976). Raised and educated in NS, he served in the Royal Naval Air Service, patrolling shipping lanes in flying boats.

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  • Article

    War Veterans

    War Veterans Canadian humorist Stephen Leacock wrote of war veterans in 1938: "When the war ends they are welcomed home under arches of flowers with all the girls leaping for their necks, and within six months they are expected to vanish into thin air, keep out of the public house and give no trouble." The comment, made with another war imminent, summed up Canada's rather shabby treatment of veterans of the Great War of 1914-18....

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