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  • Article

    Winnifred Eaton (Onoto Watanna)

    Winnifred Eaton Babcock Reeve (a.k.a. Onoto Watanna), author, screenwriter (born 21 August 1875 in Montreal, QC; died 8 April 1954 in Butte, Montana). Winnifred Eaton achieved literary fame under the pseudonym Onoto Watanna. She was the first person of Asian descent to publish a novel in the United States — Miss Numè of Japan (1899) — and to reach a mainstream audience. Her novel A Japanese Nightingale (1901) was adapted into a Broadway play and a motion picture. She also wrote screenplays for Hollywood and two novels, Cattle (1924) and His Royal Nibs (1925), about ranching life in Alberta.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/ff2cd78d-d50b-4be6-9ded-499327d1b7cd.jpg Winnifred Eaton (Onoto Watanna)

  • Article

    Winnifred Sim

    (Margaret) Winnifred Sim, (b Johnston). Pianist, organist, teacher, b Winnipeg 28 Jun 1930; AMM piano 1949, AMM organ 1954, ARCCO 1965, ARCT 1966, FTCL 1973.

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  • Article

    Winston Fitzgerald

    Winston 'Scotty' Fitzgerald. Fiddler, b White Point, Cape Breton, NS, 16 Feb 1914, d Sydney, NS, 2 Sep 1987.

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  • Article

    Wintering Partner

    A wintering partner (also "winterer") was an inland trader and shareholder, most notably in the North West Company. The wintering partner system evolved in New France, where fur merchants divided their profits with associates conducting the trade.

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  • Article

    Wishart Campbell

    Wishart Campbell. Baritone, songwriter, pianist, b Oro Station, near Lake Simcoe, Ont, ca 1905, d Islay, The Hebrides, Scotland, 5 Nov 1983; ATCM voice 1927.

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  • Article

    W.J. Eccles

    William John Eccles, historian (b at Thirsk, Yorkshire, Eng 17 July 1917; d at Toronto 2 Oct 1998).

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  • Article

    W.O. Forsyth

    W.O. (Wesley Octavius) Forsyth. Composer, teacher, writer, b Markham Township, near Toronto, 26 Jan 1859, d Toronto 7 May 1937.

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  • Article

    W.O. Mitchell

    Mitchell spent his childhood in Weyburn, Saskatchewan, but had to move to Florida when he was 12 to aid his recovery from tuberculosis. Returning to Canada in 1931, he studied at the University of Manitoba and the University of Alberta.

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  • Article

    Wolf Koenig

    Wolf Koenig, director, producer, cinematographer, editor, animator (born 17 October 1927 in Dresden, Germany; died 26 June 2014 in Toronto, ON).

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  • Article

    Wolfgang Bottenberg

    Wolfgang (Heinz Otto) Bottenberg. Composer, teacher, b Frankfurt-am-Main 9 May 1930, naturalized Canadian 1964; B MUS (Alberta) 1961, M MUS (Cincinnati) 1962, DMA composition (Cincinnati) 1970. He trained as a carpenter before entering the Jesuit order in 1952.

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  • Article

    Wolfgang Kater

    Wolfgang Kater. Instrument builder and designer; b Drangstedt, Germany, 5 Jun 1946; B MUS (McGill) 1972. He came to Canada in 1953 and lived in Toronto until 1959, when he moved to Montreal.

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  • Article

    Women and the Fur Trade

    An Algonquin man declared to Jesuit missionary Paul Le Jeune in 1639: “To live among us without a wife is to live without help, without home and to be always wandering.” While the importance of having a home and wife may have been lost on the itinerant and celibate Jesuit priest, for many First Nations this quote evokes the social, economic and political advantages of marriages, especially in the context of the fur trade. Indigenous women’s labour produced and mended clothing, preserved meats, harvested maple sugar and root vegetables like turnips, trapped small game, netted fish and cultivated wild rice — all crucial survival and subsistence activities in the boreal forests, prairie parklands and northern plains of fur trade society. Through intraclan marriages (see Clan), First Nations women forged extended kin lineages, established social obligations and reciprocal ties, and negotiated for the access and use of common resources across a vast and interconnected Indigenous world. Marriages between different Indigenous villages, clans and nations shaped regional politics, fostered lateral marital alliances and created a geographically diverse and widespread kinship network throughout the Great Lakes- St. Lawrence River Basin, the Hudson Bay watershed, and the Pacific Slope (see Pacific Ocean and Canada.)

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  • Article

    Women and the Indian Act

    The Indian Act has affected Indigenous cultures, systems of governance, societies and ways of life since its enactment in 1876. Gender discrimination in the Act further disadvantaged First Nations women, in particular. Until 1985, women with Indian status who married someone without status lost their status rights. Men, on the other hand, did not lose Indian status in the same way. Even after Bill C-31 reinstated the status rights of many women in 1985, the Act still discriminated against women by privileging male lines of descent. Amendments in 2011 and 2017 sought to fix these issues. In 2019, the federal government brought into force the remaining part of Bill S-3, which is meant to address lingering sex-based inequities in the Indian Act. (See also Indigenous Women’s Issues.)

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  • Collection

    Women in Canadian History

    This collection brings together the biographies of a number of remarkable women in Canada.

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    Women in STEM

    This collection brings together the biographies of a number of remarkable women in the fields of science, technology, engineering and math. (Dr. Halina Hoffman, staff member of Ste. Justine's Hospital in the anaesthesia department) (Canada. Dept. of Manpower and Immigration / Library and Archives Canada)

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