Browse "History"

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Article

Middle Power

In international relations, the term middle power refers to a state that wields less influence on the world stage than a superpower. As the term suggests, middle powers fall in the middle of the scale measuring a country’s international influence. Where superpowers have great influence over other countries, middle powers have moderate influence over international events. Canada was considered to be a middle power during the postwar period — from 1945 until about 1960. Though Canada was not as powerful or prominent as the United Kingdom or the United States during this time, it was an international player that influenced events through moral leadership, peacekeeping and conflict mediation.
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Article

Military History

See Armaments; Armed Forces; Aviation, Military; Korean War; South African War; War of the Austrian Succession; War of the Spanish Succession; War of 1812; World War I, World War II; and individual battle entries.
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Article

Military Service Act

The Military Service Act became law on 29 August 1917. It was a politically explosive and controversial law that bitterly divided the country along French-English lines. It made all male citizens aged 20 to 45 subject to conscription for military service, through the end of the First World War. As such, the Act had significant political consequences. It led to the creation of Prime Minister Borden’s Union Government and drove most of his French-Canadian supporters into opposition.
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Article

Millenarianism

Millenarianism is the belief that a fundamental transformation of society is coming, one that will bring a golden age of peace and prosperity. Although millenarianism is a Judeo- Christian concept in origin, it has also been associated with other religious, political and social groups.
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Article

Ministers Island Historic Site

In 1890 SIR WILLIAM VAN HORNE purchased Minister's Island on PASSAMAQUODDY BAY for his summer resort. Van Horne built a most impressive sandstone house there, which he called Covenhoven.
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Macleans

Mobutu Flees Zaïre

In the end, he stole quietly away, not quite like a thief in the night but certainly without the noisy flourish that once trumpeted all the movements of Mobutu Sese Seko.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on May 26, 1997
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Article

Montreal Consort of Ancient Instruments

Montreal Consort of Ancient Instruments. Early-music ensemble, founded by Otto Joachim in 1958, which specialized in the performance of medieval, renaissance, and baroque repertoire.
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Article

Moosehead Breweries Ltd.

Moosehead Breweries Limited, the maker of Moosehead Canadian Lager, is the oldest family-owned brewing company in Canada. Located in Saint John, New Brunswick, the company has been family owned and controlled for six generations and is currently led by founders Susannah and John Oland’s great-great-great grandson, Andrew Oland. Moosehead is the fourth-largest brewing company in Canada — after Molson, Labatt and Sleeman — and the last major brewery to be owned by Canadians. Moosehead beer is sold throughout Canada, in many locations in the United States, and in 15 countries around the world. The company brews 19 beers under 10 brands, including its mainstay Moosehead Canadian Lager, as well as James Ready, Alpine and Hop City. It also contract brews for six companies, including Samuel Adams, from the United States, and Estrella Damm, from Spain. Moosehead is a privately owned company and does not disclose its financial information; however, in 2018, market researchers estimated the company held as high as 3.8 per cent of the Canadian beer market and would generate $247.1 million in revenue.
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Memory Project Archive

Adam J. Bardach (Primary Source)

Adam J. Bardach served in the Polish Army during the Second World War. He fought in the Battle of Scapezzano and was awarded the Polish Cross of Valour for his actions there. Read and listen to Adam J. Bardach’s testimony below.Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.
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Memory Project Archive

Alan Henry Sunley (Primary Source)

Alan Henry Sunley served in the Royal Canadian Air Force during the Second World War. Read and listen to Alan Henry Sunley's testimony below. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.
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Memory Project Archive

Cecil Edward Hancock (Primary Source)

Cecil Edward Hancock served in the Royal Canadian Air Force during the Second World War.Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.
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Memory Project Archive

John J. Doyle

John Doyle served in the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War.Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.
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Memory Project Archive

Joseph Clorice "Joe" Gautreau (Primary Source)

Joseph Clorice "Joe" Gautreau served in the Canadian army during the Second World War. You can listen to a longer interview with Mr. Gautreau here.Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.
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Memory Project Archive

Leo Pikulski (Primary Source)

TranscriptThen in 1942, the beginning, something like that, suddenly, I hear they’re calling me to school, policeman came to the house and he says, you’re going to join the Red Army. I just looked at him and hear another man talks Polish to me. He says, “No, we are organizing Polish army, but Russians, they would like you all Polish people to join, boys to join their army. You have choice.” Naturally, everybody join Polish...
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Memory Project Archive

Malcolm MacConnell (Primary Source)

"I thought we were really done for but I was able to get back up into the clouds and I abandoned my attack. But that was a very very close one." See below for Mr. MacConnell's entire testimony. Please be advised that Memory Project primary sources may deal with personal testimony that reflect the speaker’s recollections and interpretations of events. Individual testimony does not necessarily reflect the views of the Memory Project and Historica Canada.
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