History | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Charlottetown Accord

    The Charlottetown Accord of 1992 was a failed attempt by Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and all 10 provincial premiers to amend the Canadian Constitution. The goal was to obtain Quebec’s consent to the Constitution Act, 1982. The Accord would have recognized Quebec as a distinct society; decentralized many federal powers to the provinces; addressed the issue of Indigenous self-government; and reformed the Senate and the House of Commons. The Accord had the approval of the federal government and all 10 provincial governments. But it was rejected by Canadian voters in a referendum on 26 October 1992.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/8d1b4b1d-ce97-42aa-99a7-f4e33c1f6b7a.jpg Charlottetown Accord

  • Article

    The Charter of the Forest

    ​The 1217 Charter of the Forest (Carta de Foresta) is a companion document to the Magna Carta of 1215.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/12f085dc-bd2e-4629-b64e-74e579809d83.jpg The Charter of the Forest

  • Article

    Quebec Film History: 1896 to 1969

    This entry presents an overview of Quebec cinema, from its beginnings in the silent film era to the burgeoning of a distinctly Quebec cinema in the 1960s. It highlights the most important films, whether in terms of box office success or international acclaim, and covers both narrative features and documentaries. It also draws attention to an aspect of filmmaking that still has difficulty finding its place: women’s cinema.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/3b079b6b-0ea3-47b4-8e14-62d48630fb39.jpg Quebec Film History: 1896 to 1969

  • Editorial

    Editorial: The Death of the Meech Lake Accord

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. On a Sunday evening, 3 June 1990, Prime Minister Brian Mulroney and the ten provincial premiers marked the third anniversary of the Meech Lake Accord at a dinner in the architectural splendour of the Canadian Museum of Civilization (now the Canadian Museum of History) in Hull, Quebec.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/73c1f655-bfcc-4aa6-9251-c0d5c550fde4.jpg Editorial: The Death of the Meech Lake Accord

  • Editorial

    The 1704 Raid on Deerfield

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/d349c3ec-f959-45b6-a8e5-9f3c67a1e498.jpg The 1704 Raid on Deerfield

  • Editorial

    Acadian Expulsion (the Great Upheaval)

    Soldiers rounding up terrified civilians, expelling them from their land, burning their homes and crops ‒ it sounds like a 20th century nightmare in one of the world's trouble spots, but it describes a scene from Canada's early history, the Deportation of the Acadians.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Acadian still.png Acadian Expulsion (the Great Upheaval)

  • Editorial

    The arrival of Doukhobors in Canada (1899)

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 The arrival of Doukhobors in Canada (1899)

  • Article

    The American Response to the Canadian Rebellions of 1837–38

    By December 1837 and January 1838, rebels from Upper and Lower Canada had suffered heavy defeats at the hands of British and Loyalist forces. (See: Rebellion in Lower Canada; Rebellion in Upper Canada.) They fled to the United States to seek financial and military assistance. The American public was aware that there had been armed conflicts in the Canadas. Many were even initially supportive. However, the presence of Canadian rebels on American soil forced many to question American involvement. The growing tensions with Great Britain over the Caroline Affair complicated matters. The creation of the Republic of Texas and the fight over the abolition of slavery were also factors. In January 1838, US President Martin Van Buren took steps to ensure America’s neutrality in the Canadian rebellions.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/a4abe204-c34a-4e1d-95d4-4b754e7b9598.jpg The American Response to the Canadian Rebellions of 1837–38

  • Editorial

    The First Telegraph in Canada

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/d728ded5-05be-48c5-8097-f08db72cac00.jpg The First Telegraph in Canada

  • Editorial

    The First Thanksgiving in North America

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. It has become common knowledge that the first Thanksgiving in North America was held by Sir Martin Frobisher and his crew in Nunavut in 1578. There are those — mainly Americans upset by the thought of having their holiday co-opted — who argue that it wasn't a “real” Thanksgiving. I would counter that Frobisher had reason to give thanks, and that giving thanks was an important aspect of Elizabethan society, so it would have been a natural thing for him and his men to do.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/c07fc308-7b63-421f-8b08-2c821321ba57.jpg The First Thanksgiving in North America

  • Editorial

    Editorial: The Canadian Flag, Distinctively Our Own

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. On 15 February 1965, at hundreds of ceremonies across the country and around the world, the red and white Maple Leaf Flag was raised for the first time. In Ottawa, 10,000 people gathered on a chilly, snow-covered Parliament Hill. At precisely noon, the guns on nearby Nepean Point sounded as the sun broke through the clouds. An RCMP constable, 26-year-old Joseph Secours, hoisted the National Flag of Canada to the top of a specially-erected white staff. A sudden breeze snapped it to attention.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/59917f0c-b633-43e2-bb85-3d0ded55dc95.jpg Editorial: The Canadian Flag, Distinctively Our Own

  • Editorial

    Editorial: Baldwin, LaFontaine and Responsible Government

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. The Baldwin–LaFontaine government of 1848 has been called the “great ministry.” In addition to establishing responsible government, it had an incomparable record of legislation. It established a public school system and finalized the founding of the University of Toronto. It set up municipal governments and pacified French-Canadian nationalism after a period of unrest. Responsible government did not transform Canada overnight into a fully developed democracy. But it was an important milestone along the road to political autonomy. Most importantly, it provided an opportunity for French Canadians to find a means for their survival through the British Constitution. The partnership and friendship between Baldwin and LaFontaine were brilliant examples of collaboration that have been all too rare in Canadian history.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/ba6bdff6-574a-4697-ac95-afdcc5ddfcc9.jpg Editorial: Baldwin, LaFontaine and Responsible Government

  • Editorial

    The Great Crash of 1929 in Canada

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. In late October of 1929, terror seized the stock exchanges of North America. Capitalism’s speculative party, with its galloping share prices and its celebrity millionaires, came to an abrupt stop. The Great Crash, it was called, and it was followed by the Great Depression.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/cc8df85f-c925-4f6f-91e1-7403bcb85345.jpg The Great Crash of 1929 in Canada

  • Macleans

    The Great War Haunts Us Still

    IT'S BEEN 90 YEARS now since the Guns of August began to fire, and the smoke has yet to clear from the world they made. The fault lines of modern history - from the quagmire in Iraq through Yugoslavia's implosion to the Cold War and beyond - all branch back to the cataclysm of 1914-1918.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on November 8, 2004

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 The Great War Haunts Us Still

  • Article

    Halifax Explosion and the CNIB

    The 1917 Halifax Explosion is well-known as the biggest human-made explosion in the pre-atomic era. The event was also the largest mass-blinding in Canadian history and it played a crucial role in the founding of the Canadian National Institute for the Blind (CNIB). (See also Blindness and Visual Impairment.)

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/f30038ca-9247-42a2-acb4-93cafefda81e.jpg Halifax Explosion and the CNIB