Browse "Geology"

Displaying 16-30 of 37 results

  • Article

    Fossil Animals

    The first animals were microscopic in size and left no known fossil remains. The oldest animal fossils occur in sediments deposited under shallow equatorial seas over 600 million years ago.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Fossil Animals

  • Article

    Fossil Plants

    "Plant" refers to familiar land plants, and also to aquatic plants, mosses, liverworts and algae plants. Although not technically plants, fungi and bacteria are often included. Palaeobotany is the study of ancient plant life using fossil evidence. Plant fossils are found coast-to-coast in Canada, from 45-million-year-old mosses in British Columbia to fossil forests on Axel Heiberg and Ellesmere islands in the Canadian Arctic.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/17c83e96-a43b-4b20-82a8-016902d93bab.jpg Fossil Plants

  • Article

    Geological Dating

    For centuries people have argued about the age of the Earth; only recently has it been possible to come close to achieving reliable estimates.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Geological Dating

  • Article

    Geological History

    Fundamental to all ordering of events of the Earth's history is the principle of the positional relationships of rock and mineral bodies. For example, in any stratified rock sequence, younger rocks overlie older ones.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/e8e23bed-66e7-4173-9e92-b61c0b06e940.jpg Geological History

  • Article

    Geological Regions

    Based on geological history, Canada can be divided into six regions, each characterized by a distinctive landscape: the Canadian Shield, Interior Platform, Appalachian Orogen, Innuitian Orogen, Cordillera and Western Canada Sedimentary Basin, and the Eastern Continental Margin.

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  • Article

    Geological Survey of Canada

    The Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) is Canada's national agency for geoscientific information and research. It studies and reports on Canada’s geology, natural geological hazards, and the development of natural resources. Established in 1842 primarily to promote the mining industry, it is one of the country’s oldest scientific organizations. Throughout its history, the Survey has produced some of the most comprehensive and detailed maps of the Canadian landscape, and published several important reports on its ecology and natural history.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/2bebe9b8-7dbd-4569-9cc1-fb24d96fa6de.jpg Geological Survey of Canada

  • Article

    Geology

    Earth is 70.8% covered by water, but only with the development of sonar techniques has it become possible to describe the solid earth below the oceans. With increasingly sophisticated satellite observations, relatively fine structural details (eg, areas of volcanic activity) can be seen.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Geology

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    Geomorphology

    Geomorphology is related to GEOLOGY because of the importance of long timescales, tectonic deformation of Earth's crust (seePLATE TECTONICS), and rock and sediment properties; and to physical geography through its association with CLIMATE, BIOGEOGRAPHY, SOIL SCIENCE, and HYDROLOGY.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/c495f574-0f22-4771-8a0e-1775d86b2843.jpg Geomorphology

  • Article

    Igneous Rock

    Early formed, dense crystals may separate from the magma, causing a change in the composition of the residual melt.

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    Meteors, Meteorites and Impact Craters

    The solar system contains many objects smaller than the planets (or their satellites) travelling in individual orbits about the SUN; space between the planets also contains myriad dust grains in the micron size range. Near Earth, dust concentrations are only a few hundred particles per cubic kilometre, but 35 000 to 100 000 t of extraterrestrial material enters the atmosphere annually, swept up by our planet from debris that is in its path or crosses its path. 

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  • Article

    Karst Landform

    A karst landform is a geological feature created on the earth's surface by the drainage of water into the ground. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/da6ae2ec-e05e-46fd-916c-6185a6a86215.jpg Karst Landform

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    Metamorphic Rock

    Metamorphic rock is one of the 3 major classes of rock comprising the Earth's crust, the others being SEDIMENTARY and IGNEOUS ROCKS. Metamorphic rock has been transformed, while in the solid state, by pressure, temperature and deformation.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/e0a546d9-bcaf-41e5-a7d4-076b178b5592.jpg Metamorphic Rock

  • Article

    Miguasha Fossils

     In addition to fishes, a few INVERTEBRATES, such as small CRUSTACEANS, worms and eurypterids, which are giant cousins of land scorpions, lived at the bottom of the estuary.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Miguasha Fossils

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    Natural Gas in Canada

    Natural gas ranks among the fastest-growing energy sources in Canada and is seen by many in the energy industry as a game-changer, a comparatively clean, low-cost and versatile fuel. It can directly generate power and heat and can be chemically altered to produce a wide range of useful commodity chemicals. It burns cleaner and more efficiently than other fossil fuels, releasing significantly fewer harmful pollutants into the atmosphere. Natural gas is colorless, odourless, shapeless, lighter than air and contains a mixture of several hydrocarbon gases, which are organic compounds consisting of some combination of hydrogen and carbon molecules. The primary consumers of natural gas are the industrial (54.1 per cent), residential (26.6 per cent) and commercial sectors (19.3 per cent). Canada is the fifth largest natural gas producer after the United States, Russia, Iran and Qatar. Currently, all of Canada’s natural gas exports go to the United States through a network of pipelines, making Canada the largest foreign source of US natural gas imports. At the end of 2016, Canada had 76.7 trillion cubic feet of proven natural gas reserves and had produced 152 billion cubic metres of natural gas that year. It is forecasted that global natural gas consumption will double by 2035.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/NaturalGas/Fig 1.jpg Natural Gas in Canada

  • Article

    Periglacial Landform

    A periglacial landform is a feature resulting from the action of intense frost, often combined with the presence of permafrost. Periglacial landforms are restricted to areas that experience cold but essentially nonglacial climates. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/abcd7af0-a9a4-4141-9543-193539282103.jpg Periglacial Landform