Industry | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    AtkinsRéalis

    AtkinsRéalis (formerly SNC-Lavalin) is a global engineering and construction firm based in Montreal, Quebec. It works in several industries including oil and gas, mining, cybersecurity and nuclear power. It also builds public and private infrastructure around the world. The company began in 1911 as an engineering consultant for power projects. In 1991, the original company, called SNC, merged with competitor Lavalin to become SNC-Lavalin. Since 2011, allegations of fraud and corruption on the part of SNC-Lavalin and several of its executives have plagued the company with scandal. In 2023, SNC-Lavalin changed its name and rebranded to AtkinsRéalis. Today the company employs over 30,000 people in several countries. In 2022, it registered $7.5 billion in revenue. In Canada, the company has received contracts to build major transit projects in cities including Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver. Worldwide, AtkinsRéalis oversees resource-extraction and infrastructure projects in North America, the Asia-Pacific region, Europe and the Middle East. Click here for definitions of key terms used in this article.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/SNCLavalin/dreamstime_xl_144110990.jpg AtkinsRéalis

  • Article

    Sod Houses

    Sod houses, or “soddies,” were a common style of dwelling built in the Prairies during the second half of the 19th century. Soddies were small structures cheaply built out of blocks of sod and rudimentary house fittings. Sod refers to grass and the soil beneath it that is held together by the grass’s roots. Although the term “sod house” is primarily associated with Canadian and American structures built during westward expansion, the structures found their architectural roots in Indigenous and Norse practices. Sod houses have come to symbolize the hardship of homestead life, despite shacks and log cabins being the primary form of housing.

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  • Article

    Statistics

    Statistics is the science concerned with the collection and analysis of numerical information to answer questions wisely. The term also refers to the numerical information that has been collected. Statistics has many applications in Canada, from government censuses and surveys, to decision making in industry, to medical research and technological innovation.

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  • Article

    Trans Mountain Pipeline Expansion Project

    The Trans Mountain Expansion is a project to build about 980 km of new pipe, most of which will run parallel to the existing Trans Mountain oil pipeline. The new line will carry diluted bitumen, or “dilbit,” from Edmonton, Alberta to Burnaby, British Columbia. The expansion will increase the pipeline route’s overall capacity from 300,000 barrels per day to 890,000 barrels per day. The project’s first owner, Kinder Morgan Canada, sold it to the Government of Canada in 2018. The Trans Mountain Expansion has been a focus of environmental and economic debates, as well as political conflicts. The $12.6 billion project is now under construction.

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  • Article

    Veterinary Medicines Industry

    Veterinary Medicines Industry Industrial VETERINARY MEDICINE is that sector of the veterinary profession concerned with the research, development, manufacture and marketing of veterinary drugs.

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  • Article

    Waste Disposal

    Although the term SOLID WASTE refers to a wide range of discarded materials (from kitchen scraps to mine tailings), the component known as refuse has the greatest potential for environmental contamination.

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  • Article

    White Pass & Yukon Route

    The White Pass & Yukon Route railway was built to meet the demand for transportation to the gold fields of the Yukon River basin during the Klondike Gold Rush. Completed in 1900, it was a feat of engineering and one of the steepest railways in North America. It ran 177 km from Skagway, Alaska, to Whitehorse, Yukon. Today, tourist rail excursions run on a portion of the original line.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/WhitePassYukonRoute/WPYR_Cantilever_Bridge.jpg White Pass & Yukon Route