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  • Article

    Meteors, Meteorites and Impact Craters

    The solar system contains many objects smaller than the planets (or their satellites) travelling in individual orbits about the SUN; space between the planets also contains myriad dust grains in the micron size range. Near Earth, dust concentrations are only a few hundred particles per cubic kilometre, but 35 000 to 100 000 t of extraterrestrial material enters the atmosphere annually, swept up by our planet from debris that is in its path or crosses its path. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/66e2415e-3179-44e5-a06b-e73edf3aa050.jpg Meteors, Meteorites and Impact Craters

  • Article

    Club de Foot Montréal

    Club de Foot Montréal (also CF Montréal, CFM or CFMTL) is a men’s professional soccer team  that plays in Major League Soccer (MLS). The club was founded as L’Impact de Montréal or the Montreal Impact in 1992. It changed its name and brand identity on 14 January 2020. The team plays at Stade Saputo in Montreal and is operated by the Saputo family (see Lino Saputo). L’Impact played in various professional soccer leagues before joining MLS for the 2012 season. L’Impact won the Voyageurs Cup six times (2002–07) and the Canadian Championship three times (2008, 2013, 2014). The club has made it to MLS playoffs three times (2013, 2015, 2016), getting as far as the Eastern Conference finals in 2016. In 2015, they became the first Canadian club to reach the CONCACAF Champions League final. Club de Foot Montréal is one of three MLS franchises in Canada, including Toronto FC and Vancouver Whitecaps FC. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/bfea6620-b13a-4ea9-ba30-ae2d3d85ff96.jpg Club de Foot Montréal

  • Article

    Impact of COVID-19 on Remote Work at Canadian Businesses

    During the COVID-19 pandemic, many Canadians have worked from home. This shift to remote work has aimed to slow the spread of the coronavirus by reducing contact between people. To gauge the impact of the pandemic on remote work at Canadian businesses, Statistics Canada conducted a nationwide survey in 2020. The graphs below show some of its findings. The first graph shows the percentage of businesses, in each province and the three territories, that had more than half of their workforce working remotely a) before the pandemic and b) on 29 May 2020, during the pandemic. The second graph shows the percentage of businesses which expected that more than half their workforce would continue to work remotely after COVID-19.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/Twitter_Cards/remote_work_thumb.JPG Impact of COVID-19 on Remote Work at Canadian Businesses

  • Article

    Impaired Driving

    Impaired driving, also known as drunken driving, driving while impaired (DWI) and driving under the influence (DUI), has been a serious social problem as far back as the beginning of this century, when social scientists took note of the often deadly combination of alcohol and motor vehicles.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Impaired Driving

  • Macleans

    Impending Same-Sex Marriage Legislation

    IT'S NOT THE kind of crowd given to chants, placards, or burning brands. Greying, neatly pressed, well-mannered, they line up patiently at the open microphone.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Impending Same-Sex Marriage Legislation

  • Article

    Imperial Munitions Board

    Imperial Munitions Board, established November 1915 in Canada by the British Ministry of Munitions, with Canadian government approval. Headed by J.W. Flavelle, a prominent Toronto businessman, the board was responsible for letting contracts on behalf of the British government for the construction of war materials in Canada. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/6d4e231e-f064-4897-b648-57e415ca7a8c.jpg Imperial Munitions Board

  • Article

    Imperial Oil Limited

    In 1995 it had sales or operating revenues of $9.28 billion, assets of $12.0 billion and 7800 employees. In 1987 Imperial bought Sulpetro, a Calgary-based natural gas producer, and in 1990 it completed its merger with Texaco Canada.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/87a23012-97b0-4fe6-ab3f-236c1704ea9e.jpg Imperial Oil Limited

  • Article

    IODE (Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire)

    The IODE is a national women’s charitable organization in Canada. Founded in 1900, the organization’s original intent was to support and promote patriotism to the British Empire. (See Imperialism.) The IODE contributed to the construction of an Anglo-Canadian identity in the image of Britain. Throughout this time, the IODE improved the lives of some women in Canada, and championed various causes, such as improving health care and producing strong Canadian citizens. However, the organization was, at times, complicit in racism and oppression. Increasingly aware of this problem, the organization changed its name to IODE in 1978-9 and became more Canada-centric. Today, IODE focuses on the welfare of children, education and community service.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/IODE-1.jpg IODE (Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire)

  • Article

    Imperialism

    Support for the British Empire and imperialism was strong in much of Canada in the decades after Confederation. But gradually, imperialist loyalties declined and Canadians demanded and won full autonomy within the empire.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/1558a81b-d087-438f-bb69-6c19774bd62a.jpg Imperialism

  • Article

    Imports to Canada

    In international trade, imports refer to goods and services purchased by Canadian residents from residents of other countries. Billions of dollars of goods and services cross Canada’s border each year. In 2019, Canadians imported a total of $768 billion worth of goods and services. Canada’s largest source of imports by far is the United States. (See Canada-US Economic Relations.) The European Union, China and Mexico are also major sources of imported goods and services.

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  • Article

    Improvement District

    Improvement District, a municipal corporation whose powers are exercised by a trustee or board of trustees appointed by the provincial government. Unlike most municipalities, which are subject to the supervision of both the province and local electors, trustees are under provincial supervision only.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Improvement District

  • Article

    Imrie & Graham

    Imrie & Graham. Toronto firm of book, job, and music printers and music publishers active 1884-ca 1909. John Imrie, a printer and poet (b Glasgow 1846, d Toronto 1902), moved to Toronto in 1871.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Imrie & Graham

  • Interview

    In Conversation with Rod Matheson

    Social Media & Outreach Editor Zach Parrott interviews Rod Matheson for The Canadian Encyclopedia.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/53376be8-b6de-431d-bf44-315cba10770f.jpg In Conversation with Rod Matheson

  • Article

    In Flanders Fields

    One of history's most famous wartime poems, "In Flanders Fields" was written during the First World War by Canadian officer and surgeon John McCrae.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/4be09c8b-7a2d-4c49-8972-670e287489aa.jpg In Flanders Fields

  • Article

    In Flanders Fields Music

    In Flanders Fields is a poem which, in various musical settings, has become a traditional part of Remembrance Day services commemorating those killed in the First World War, 11 November 1918, and subsequent conflicts.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 In Flanders Fields Music