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  • Article

    Northern Bottlenose Whale

    The northern bottlenose whale (Hyperoodon ampullatus) is a toothed whale found in the northern regions of the Atlantic Ocean. In Canadian waters, there are two populations: one off the coast of Nova Scotia, known as the Scotian shelf population, and the other off the coast of Labrador, known as the Baffin-Labrador population. The Scotian shelf population is endangered while the Baffin-Labrador population is considered “special concern” by the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada. The northern bottlenose whale is the largest beaked whale in the North Atlantic. (See also Endangered Animals in Canada.)

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  • Article

    Northern Dancer

     Northern Dancer, racehorse (b at Oshawa, Ont 27 May 1961; d at Chesapeake City, Md 16 Nov 1990).

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  • Article

    Northern Fulmar

    The northern fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis, family Procellariidae, order Procellariiformes), medium-sized, tube-nosed seabird, about 50 cm long, related to the albatrosses. 

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  • Article

    Northern Gateway Pipeline Proposal

    The $7.9 billion Northern Gateway project was a pipeline proposal that Enbridge put forward in 2008. Northern Gateway would have carried diluted bitumen (“dilbit”) about 1,170 km from Bruderheim, Alberta to a terminal on the Pacific Ocean at Kitimat, British Columbia. Enbridge claimed that the project would create $1.2 billion in tax revenue for BC, as well as 560 jobs. The Federal Court of Appeal overturned the pipeline’s approval in 2016. That same year, the Liberal government of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau rejected the project.

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  • Macleans

    Northern Ireland Riots

    Richard Sterritt sounds sleepy after a night spent manning a Loyalist barricade in the Northern Irish border county of Armagh. But his voice swells when he's asked to describe the sound of a Lambeg drum. "It sounds like a church bell," he says of the ringing beat from the 45-lb.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on July 22, 1996

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  • Article

    Northern Leopard Frog

    The Northern leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens, previously Rana pipiens) is a green or brown frog covered in large, distinct spots. In Canada, three populations exist: the Eastern population, the Western Boreal/Prairie population and the Rocky Mountain population. The Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada characterizes the Western Boreal/Prairie and Rocky Mountain populations as special concern and endangered, respectively. The Eastern population is considered widespread and abundant, although the population has shown evidence of decline.

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  • Article

    Northern Lights

    Current theory states that the energy driving auroras is obtained from the solar wind, a gas composed primarily of protons and electrons, blowing away from the SUN at supersonic velocities of 300-1000 km/s (seePHYSICS).

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  • Article

    Northern Railway of Canada

    The railway was designed to link the 3 lakes for which it was originally named - the Ontario, Simcoe and Huron Railway. It opened in May 1853 when the locomotive Toronto (made in Toronto) hauled the first steam train in present-day Ontario from Toronto to Machell's Corners (present-day Aurora).

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  • Article

    Northern Telecom Limited

    See ELECTRONICS INDUSTRY.

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  • Article

    Northwest Territories and Confederation

    The Northwest Territories (NWT) entered Confederation in 1870 after Canada acquired Rupert’s Land and the North-Western Territory from the Hudson’s Bay Company. The smaller territory now known as the NWT is what remains after the creation of several other provinces and territories out of the original 1870 lands.

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  • Editorial

    Not for Saps: Tree Planting in Alberta

    Over a century’s worth of shifting environmental policy means that today, maintaining Canada’s forests is as important as cutting them down. Tree planting is an essential part of this maintenance, and each year thousands of young Canadians trek through rough conditions and remote areas to replant thousands of trees.

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  • List

    Notable Indigenous Rights Court Cases

    Rights of Indigenous peoples in Canada are recognized within the Constitution of Canada, particularly in section 35. While the Constitution of Canada states “The existing aboriginal and treaty rights of the aboriginal peoples of Canada are hereby recognized and affirmed,” these rights are not explicitly stated within the Constitution. As a result, there have been numerous Supreme Court of Canada cases related to Indigenous rights. Below is a list of prominent Indigenous rights Supreme Court of Canada cases. Note: This is not a complete list of all Supreme Court of Canada cases related to Indigenous peoples or rights.

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  • Article

    Notwithstanding Clause

    Section 33 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is known as the notwithstanding clause. Also known as the override clause, it is part of the Constitution of Canada. The clause allows federal, provincial or territorial governments to temporarily override, or bypass, certain Charter rights. These overrides are subject to renewal after five years. Although the clause is available to governments, its use is politically difficult and therefore rare. It is known colloquially as the “nuclear option,” because its use is considered extremely severe. Since the Constitution was patriated in 1982, the clause has been used only a handful of times by various provinces. The federal government has never invoked the clause.

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  • Article

    Notwithstanding Clause (Plain-Language Summary)

    Section 33 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms is called the notwithstanding clause. It is also called the override clause. It is part of the Constitution of Canada. The clause was crucial in winning provincial support for the Charter. The clause allows governments to bypass some rights. Such an override must be renewed after five years. Use of the clause is politically hard and therefore rare. It has been used by provinces only a handful of times. It has never been used by the federal government. (This article is a plain-language summary of the Notwithstanding Clause. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry, Notwithstanding Clause.)

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  • Macleans

    Nova and TransCanada Merge

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on February 9, 1998. Partner content is not updated. When he arrived at his Calgary office last Nov. 11 after unveiling a plan to split Nova Corp.'s pipeline and petrochemical operations into separate companies, CEO Ted Newall received an urgent message from his counterpart at TransCanada PipeLines Ltd.

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