Politics & Law | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    R v Coffin

    R v Coffin In the summer of 1953 the bodies of 3 American hunters were found in a Gaspé forest. Wilbert Coffin, a local prospector, was charged with and convicted of the murder of one of them, Richard Lindsay.

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  • Article

    Gladue Case

    The Gladue case (also known as R. v. Gladue) is a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision, handed down on 23 April 1999, which advises that lower courts should consider an Indigenous offender’s background and make sentencing decisions accordingly, based on section 718.2 (e) of the Criminal Code.

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  • Article

    R v Olson

    R v Olson In the summer of 1982, Clifford Robert Olson was arrested for the murder of 11 children.

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  • Article

    R v Truscott

    R v Truscott In 1959, 14-year-old Steven Truscott was convicted in adult court of the murder of 12-year-old Lynn Harper. Few cases in Canadian legal history have created so much controversy.

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  • Article

    Racial Segregation of Black People in Canada

    Racial segregation is the separation of people, or groups of people, based on race in everyday life. Throughout Canada’s history, there have been many examples of Black people being segregated, excluded from, or denied equal access to opportunities and services such as education, employment, housing, transportation, immigration, health care and commercial establishments. The racial segregation of Black people in Canada was historically enforced through laws, court decisions and social norms. See also Anti-Black Racism in Canada.

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  • Macleans

    Rae's New Agenda

    BOB RAE IS GOOD with a crowd. Not Johnny Carson good, but good all the same.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on February 21, 2005

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  • Article

    Rand Formula

    The Rand Formula is a feature of Canadian labour law requiring workers covered by collective bargaining contracts to pay union dues — whether or not those workers are union members. The Formula was a victory for unions struggling for recognition and security after the Second World War, and became a standard part of labour contracts, and union power, in the decades that followed.

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  • Article

    Rapport de la Commission d'enquête sur l'enseignement des arts dans la province de Québec

    Rapport de la Commission d'enquête sur l'enseignement des arts dans la province de Québec, commonly called the Rioux Report. It was submitted to the lieutenant-governor in August 1968 by the commission's president, Marcel Rioux.

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  • Macleans

    RCMP Drug Operation Claims Lives

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on March 31, 1997. Partner content is not updated. Eugene Uyeyama appeared to have it all. After 12 years, the woman of his dreams had finally said "yes," and married him. He and his new bride, Michele, had just returned from a luxurious two-week Caribbean cruise, and were looking forward to their first Christmas as husband and wife.

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  • Macleans

    RCMP Raid BC Premier's House

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on March 15, 1999. Partner content is not updated. B.C. Premier Glen Clark lives in a modest, shingled home on Anzio Drive on Vancouver's east side, near the Burnaby boundary. Last Tuesday night, his wife, Dale, a public school teacher, was home as usual with the couple's two young children, Reid and Layne. Around 7 p.m.

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  • Macleans

    RCMP Recreates Historic March

    Growing up in the small town of Hartney in the southwest corner of Manitoba, Grant Little believed that the Royal Canadian Mounted Police "hung the moon.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on July 12, 1999

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  • Article

    RCMP Troop 17

    On 16 September 1974, thirty-two women from across Canada made history when they were sworn in as the first female officers in the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP). Known as Troop 17, they paved the way for equal opportunity in national law enforcement. In 2023, approximately 22 per cent of RCMP officers are women.

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  • Article

    Rebellion in Lower Canada (The Patriots' War)

    In 1837 and 1838, French Canadian militants in Lower Canada took up arms against the British Crown in a pair of insurrections. The twin rebellions killed more than 300 people. They followed years of tensions between the colony’s anglophone minority and the growing, nationalistic aspirations of its francophone majority. The rebels failed in their campaign against British rule. However, their revolt led to political reform, including the unified Province of Canada and the introduction of responsible government. The rebellion in Lower Canada, which is also known as the Patriots' War (la Guerre des patriotes), also gave French Canadians one of their first nationalist heroes in Louis-Joseph Papineau.

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  • Article

    Rebellion in Upper Canada

    The 1837 rebellion in Upper Canada was a less violent, more limited affair than the uprising earlier that year in Lower Canada. However, its leaders, including William Lyon Mackenzie, were equally serious in their demands. They wanted democratic reform and an end to the rule of a privileged oligarchy. The rebellion itself failed, but its very failure helped pave the way for moderate and careful political change in British North America. This included the union of Upper and Lower Canada into the Province of Canada and the eventual introduction of responsible government.

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  • Article

    Reciprocity

    Reciprocity was a free trade agreement between the United States and Canada. It mutually reduced import duties and protective tariffs on certain goods exchanged between the two countries. It was in effect from 1854 to 1866 and was controversial at times on both sides of the border. It was replaced in 1878 by the Conservative Party’s protectionist National Policy. It involved levying tariffs on imported goods to shield Canadian manufacturers from American competition. A narrower reciprocity agreement was introduced in 1935 and expanded in 1938. However, it was suspended in 1948 after both countries signed the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT).

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