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  • Editorial

    Editorial: The Statute of Westminster, Canada's Declaration of Independence

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated. In the fall of 1929, Canada’s Minister of Justice, Ernest Lapointe, travelled to England. He took with him Dr. Oscar Skelton — the “elder statesman” of the Canadian civil service, as William Lyon Mackenzie King once described him. When Lapointe and Skelton were done their negotiations, they had confirmed that Canada would have its independence from the British Empire.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/43cb3921-bb9b-4a07-818d-0f1dfeb80b26.jpg Editorial: The Statute of Westminster, Canada's Declaration of Independence

  • Article

    Steamboats and Paddle Wheelers

    Demonstrated in France on the Saône River in 1783, the paddle-wheel steamboat first appeared in North America for use on the Delaware River in 1787. After inauguration at New Orleans in 1811 by Robert Fulton, hundreds of boats worked the Mississippi River system between 1830 and 1870.

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  • Article

    Steel

    Steel, see IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY.

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  • Article

    Steele Narrows Battle

    Steele Narrows Battle, at Loon Lake, 95 km north-east of Lloydminster, scene of the last shots fired in the North-West Resistance on 3 June 1885.

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  • Article

    Steinberg Inc

    Steinberg Inc was a diversified Canadian retailing organization with head offices in Montréal. It was incorporated in 1930 as Steinberg's Limited, and adopted its present name in 1978.

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  • Article

    Stelco Inc

    The Steel Company of Canada (Stelco) was founded in 1910. In 2007, the company — based in Hamilton, Ontario — was bought by the United States Steel Corporation, and its name changed to U.S. Steel Canada. 

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  • Article

    Stem Cell Research

    Stem cells are the body's "building blocks"; they are the cells from which all tissues and organs are derived. They have the ability to divide while still maintaining their identity, yet they can also develop into specialized cells in response to certain stimuli. They can be found in a wide range of tissues in mammals at different stages of development and in adult organisms in tissues like nerve, muscle and skin. Stem cells from adults have a more restricted range of development. In order to develop new treatments for specific conditions scientists must understand more about how cell differentiation is directed by biological signals. New methods need to be found to grow large numbers of desired cells and more scientific experimentation involving different types of stem cells is vital. It will take many years for research projects to provide sufficient knowledge about stem cells to make new treatments possible (see Medical Research).

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/TCE_placeholder.png Stem Cell Research

  • Article

    Sterilization of Indigenous Women in Canada

    The practice of sterilization arose out of the eugenics movement and has a long, often hidden history in Canada. Sterilization legislation in Alberta (1928–72) and British Columbia (1933–73) attempted to limit the reproduction of “unfit” persons, and increasingly targeted Indigenous women. Coerced sterilization of Indigenous women took place both within and outside existing legislation, and in federally operated Indian hospitals. The practice has continued into the 21st century. Approximately 100 Indigenous women have alleged that they were pressured to consent to sterilization between the 1970s and 2018, often while in the vulnerable state of pregnancy or childbirth.

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  • Article

    Steven Truscott Case

    At the age of 14, ​Steven Truscott was wrongly convicted of killing his 12-year-old schoolmate Lynne Harper. Five decades later he was exonerated.

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  • Article

    Stickleback

    Stickleback, of the fish family Gasterosteidae, occur in freshwater lakes and streams and in marine waters along northern coastlines of the northern hemisphere.

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  • Article

    Stillman Case

    In the Stillman case (1997), a majority of the Supreme Court of Canada held that the common law power to carry out a search incidental to an arrest did not include the right to forcibly seize samples of body substances.

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  • Article

    Stinchcombe Case

    The Supreme Court delineated, in the Stinchcombe case (1991), the legal parameters of a full and complete defence, as guaranteed by section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. This had the effect of eliminating the legal uncertainty surrounding the disclosure of evidence by the Crown.

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  • Article

    Stock and Bond Markets

    After shares are issued they may be listed on various stock exchanges and bought or sold through brokerage firms. Shares may be listed on a stock exchange if the companies have the size, stability and financial strength and are willing to report publicly on their operations.

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  • Article

    Stonefly

    Stonefly is the common name for small to medium-sized, usually brown, aquatic insects of order Plecoptera.

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  • Article

    Storm-petrel

    The storm-petrel (order Procellariiformes, family Hydrobatidae) is a small seabird (14-25 cm long).

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