Browse "People"

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  • Article

    Buddy MacMaster

    Hugh Allan (Buddy) MacMaster, OC, ONS, fiddler (born 18 October 1924 in Timmins, ON; died 20 August 2014 in Judique, NS). Known as "King of the Jigs," Buddy MacMaster was considered a major force in the survival of Cape Breton music and dance.

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  • Article

    Budge Crawley

    Frank Radford Crawley, "Budge," film producer (b at Ottawa 14 Nov 1911; d at Toronto 13 May 1987). Through his company Crawley Films, he produced hundreds of films over his 40-year career. His vitality and enthusiasm and his enterprising nature enabled him to turn his filmmaking hobby into a career.

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  • Article

    Buffalo Child Long Lance

    Buffalo Child Long Lance, writer, actor, impostor (born Sylvester Long at Winston-Salem, North Carolina on 1 December 1890; died in Arcadia, California on 20 March 1932). Of mixed Indigenous and white (and possibly black) ancestry, he was able to escape the segregated southern US because he looked "Indian."

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  • Article

    Buffy Sainte-Marie

    Beverly “Buffy” Sainte-Marie (born Beverley Jean Santamaria), singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, educator, social activist, philanthropist, visual artist (born 20 February 1941 in Stoneham, Massachusetts). Buffy Sainte-Marie is a pioneering and influential singer-songwriter. Since the early 1960s, she has identified as Cree from the Piapot First Nation in Saskatchewan. She was an important figure in the Greenwich Village and Toronto folk music revivals in the 1960s. She is perhaps best known for her 1964 anti-war anthem “Universal Soldier.” It was inducted into the Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2005. Sainte-Marie also won a Golden Globe, a BAFTA and an Academy Award for co-writing the hit song “Up Where We Belong.” She has received the Polaris Music Prize and the Governor General’s Performing Arts Award, as well as multiple Juno Awards, Canadian Aboriginal Music Awards, lifetime achievement awards and honorary degrees. However, Sainte-Marie’s Indigenous ancestry was called into question by CBC’s The Fifth Estate in October 2023. She was subsequently stripped of her Order of Canada in early 2025.

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  • Article

    Bunkhouse Men

    Partly as a result of this, but primarily because jobs moved around, bunkhouse men were highly mobile, tramping within regions and sometimes across the country to find work. They were also often at the forefront of labour radicalism.

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  • Article

    Burton Cummings

    Burton Lorne Cummings, OC, OM, singer, songwriter, musician (born 31 December 1947 in Winnipeg, MB). A dynamic and charismatic vocalist, Burton Cummings is one of the most celebrated artists in Canadian music. At age 18, he became keyboardist and lead singer of Canada’s first rock superstars, The Guess Who. He wrote with guitarist Randy Bachman such classic songs as “These Eyes,” “Laughing,” “No Time,” “No Sugar Tonight” and “American Woman.” The latter was the first song by a Canadian band to hit No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. As a solo artist, Cummings had several platinum-certified albums and a string of hits in the late 1970s and early 1980s. He has received the Governor General’s Performing Arts Award and is a member of the Prairie Music Hall of Fame, the Canadian Music Industry Hall of Fame and the Canadian Songwriters Hall of Fame. He has been inducted into the Canadian Music Hall of Fame and Canada’s Walk of Fame twice, both as a member of The Guess Who and as a solo artist.

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  • Article

    Burton Kurth

    Burton (Lowell) Kurth. Singer, educator, b Buffalo, NY, 27 Apr 1890, d Victoria, BC, 8 May 1977.

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  • Macleans

    Buzz Hargrove (Profile)

    The presidential suite of the downtown Toronto hotel is not looking terribly presidential. Glossy mahogany surfaces are littered with papers and empty pop cans. There is a constant flow of denim-clad people and a perpetual hum of fax machines. This is the "war room" of the Canadian Auto Workers.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on December 16, 1996

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  • Article

    Byelorussian Canadians

    Byelorussian Canadians (Byelarussians, Belarusians) originate from Belarus and are considered an eastern Slavic people. In 2016, 20,710 Canadians reported themselves as being mainly or partly Byelorussian.

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  • Article

    Byron Ingemar Johnson

    Byron Ingemar Johnson, "Boss," businessman, politician, premier of BC 1947-52 (b at Victoria 10 Dec 1890; d there 12 Jan 1964). After service in WWI, Johnson and his brothers formed a building supply company in Victoria. Elected as a Liberal in Victoria in 1933, he was defeated in 1937.

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  • Article

    Cabbagetown

    Cabbagetown, a district in east-central Toronto, the general boundaries of which are the Don River on the east, Parliament St on the west, Gerrard St on the north, and Queen St on the south.

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  • Article

    Cadets

    Public interest in the military training of young Canadians has waxed in time of wars and threat of wars, and waned in peacetime.

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  • Article

    Cairine Wilson

    Cairine Reay Wilson (née Mackay), senator, diplomat, philanthropist (born 4 February 1885 in Montreal, QC; died 3 March 1962 in Ottawa, ON). In 1930, the year after the success of the Persons Case, Wilson was the first woman appointed to the Senate of Canada. She helped found and run political organizations that encouraged women and youth to get involved in politics. From the 1930s onwards, Wilson advocated for the admission of European refugees to Canada.

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  • Article

    Calixa Lavallée

    Callixte Lavallée, composer, pianist, conductor, teacher, administrator, soldier (born 28 December 1842 in Verchères, Canada East; died 21 January 1891 in Boston, Massachusetts). A pioneer in music both in Canada and the United States, Calixa Lavallée was considered one of the “national glories” of Quebec. He is best known for composing the music for “O Canada” and was twice president of the Académie de musique de Québec. Despite this vaunted stature, he spent much of his life outside Canada, served with the Union Army during the American Civil War and called for Canada to be annexed by the United States. The Prix de musique Calixa-Lavallée, awarded by the St-Jean-Baptiste Society of Montreal for outstanding contributions to the music of Quebec, is named in his honour.

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  • Editorial

    Calixa Lavallée and the Origins of "O Canada"

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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