Browse "Politics & Law"

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  • Article

    Exports from Canada

    Exports are goods or services that residents of one country sell to residents of another country. Since its earliest days, Canada’s economic prosperity has relied on exports to larger markets; first through its colonial ties to Britain and later due to its geographic proximity to the United States. Billions of dollars of goods and services cross Canada’s border each year. (See International Trade.) Exports make up about a third of Canada’s gross domestic product (GDP). In 2019, Canadians exported $729 billion worth of goods and services. Almost 75 per cent of Canada’s total exports go to the United States. (See Canada-US Economic Relations.) Other major markets include the European Union, China and Japan.

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  • Article

    Canadian Foreign Relations

    Throughout its history, Canada has taken a series of steps to develop from a British colony into an independent nation. Both the First and Second World War were turning points; Canada’s military sacrifices gave it the strength and confidence to demand its own voice on the world stage. In the postwar era, Canada maintained its role in both Western and global alliances. (See NATO; NORAD; GATT.) However, economics have shaped Canadian diplomacy to a remarkable extent. Because of the United States’ singular importance to Canadian security and trade, relations with the US have dominated Canada’s foreign policy since Confederation.

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  • Macleans

    Faint Hope: Background

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on August 18, 1997. Partner content is not updated. Danny Homer’s calm, detached tone belies the fact that he is talking about the murder that put him behind bars for life. The prisoner, now 38, explains that he was a teenager living in Regina in January, 1977, when he killed Ira McDonald, a 23-year-old partner in crime.

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  • Article

    Fake News (a.k.a. Disinformation) in Canada

    Fake news is falsified information created with the intent of misleading people. It aims to shape public opinion by eliciting an emotional and biased response that is divorced from facts but in alignment with a particular ideology or perspective. Fake news can effectively weaponize information. It uses disinformation, misinformation or mal-information to demonize or damage a political foe, or to sow confusion and mistrust among the public. Fake news came to the fore of public consciousness during and immediately after the 2016 US presidential election, though its origins date back much further.

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  • Article

    Canada Child Benefit (CCB)

    A family or child allowance is a monthly government payment to families with children. The intent of the payment is to help cover the costs of child rearing. The Family Allowance, Canada's first universal welfare program, began in 1945. Benefits were awarded without regard to the family's income or assets, based on the idea that all children are worthy of public support. Since the 1980s, however, such payments have been increasingly targeted to low-income and middle-income families. The allowance was restructured and renamed the Canada Child Benefit (CCB) in 2016. Since then, the CCB has boosted Canada’s GDP by 2.1 per cent per year. This makes it one of the country’s most effective poverty-reduction programs. Along with the Canada Pension Plan and Employment Insurance, the CCB is one of the largest cash-transfer programs in the country. In the 2023–24 fiscal year, the CCB paid approximately $27 billion to Canadian households.

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  • Article

    Family Compact

    The term Family Compact is an epithet, or insulting nickname; it is used to describe the network of men who dominated the legislative, bureaucratic, business, religious and judicial centres of power in Upper Canada (present-day Ontario) from the early- to mid-1800s. Members of the Family Compact held largely conservative and loyalist views. They were against democratic reform and responsible government. By the mid-19th century, immigration, the union of Upper and Lower Canada, and the work of various democratic reformers had diminished the group’s power. The equivalent to the Family Compact in Lower Canada was the Château Clique.

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  • Article

    Family Court

    Family Court, the common name of courts established by provincial statutes to administer FAMILY LAW. Judges are appointed by the provincial government.

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  • Article

    Family Law in Canada

    Family law is critical to most Canadians as it governs relationships between spouses, and between parents and their children. In family law, marriage and divorce fall under federal jurisdiction but most other issues, including adoption and matrimonial property disputes, fall under provincial laws that vary widely. Traditional family structures have changed significantly over time, with increasing numbers of same-sex and common law relationships, and growing divorce rates. This has led to intense debates over the future of family law, court challenges and provincial reviews of legislation.

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  • Article

    Family Violence

    Since the 1970s, there has been an increased awareness that crimes of violence are not only perpetrated by strangers in public places. Research has uncovered a large amount of violent criminal behaviour that occurs between intimates in private locations, such as the home.

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  • Article

    Famous Five

    Alberta’s “Famous Five” were petitioners in the groundbreaking Persons Case. The case was brought before the Supreme Court of Canada in 1927. It was decided in 1929 by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, Canada’s highest appeals court at the time. The group was led by judge Emily Murphy. It also included  Henrietta Edwards, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney and Irene Parlby. Together, the five women had many years of active work in various campaigns for women’s rights dating back to the 1880s and 1890s. They enjoyed a national — and in the case of McClung, an international — reputation among reformers.

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  • Article

    Farm Law

    In Canada more than 90% of farm businesses are family-owned operations; these operations involve about one million people.

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  • Article

    Fascism

    Fascism is a term often loosely used to describe military dictatorships and extreme right-wing governments and organizations (or individuals) known to be either violently anticommunist or violently anti-Semitic, or both.

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  • Macleans

    Father Admits to Drowning Kids

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on March 29, 1999. Partner content is not updated. As soon as she heard the news, Katharina (Tina) Marlatt felt sick, and suspicious. It was the day of the drowning deaths of her former boyfriend Thomas Dewald's two children, Christopher, 12, and Jennifer, 10. They died on Aug.

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  • Article

    Federal Court of Canada

    The power to establish courts in Canada is conferred on both provincial legislatures and Parliament.

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  • Article

    Federal Cultural Policy Review Committee

    The Federal Cultural Policy Review Committee was established 28 August 1980 to review CULTURAL POLICIES for Canada. Its chairman was Louis APPLEBAUM and its co-chairman was Jacques HÉBERT. Other members included Thomas SYMONS, Mary PRATT and Rudy WIEBE.

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