List

First Nations in New Brunswick

Published Online May 30, 2022

Last Edited May 30, 2022

There are 15 First Nations in New Brunswick. First Nation is one of three groupings of Indigenous people in Canada, the other two being Métis and Inuit. Unlike Métis and Inuit, most First Nations hold reserve lands, and members of a First Nation may live both on and off these reserves. While the term First Nation can describe a large ethnic grouping (e.g. the Mi’kmaq Nation), in other cases it is synonymous with the term band, a word originally chosen by the federal government and used in the Indian Act. The word band describes smaller communities, such as the ones listed below. Many First Nations prefer the term First Nation over band. In terms of larger ethnic groupings, First Nations in New Brunswick are Mi’kmaq or Wolastoqiyik.

Each point on this map represents the location of a First Nation’s administrative office.
(map by The Canadian Encyclopedia, data courtesy Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs Canada and licensed under Open Government Licence-Canada)

First Nations in New Brunswick

  • Buctouche First Nation (also Buctouche MicMac Band or Tjipogtotjg)
  • Ugpi'Ganjig First Nation (also Eel River Bar First Nation)
  • Elsipogtog First Nation
  • Esgenoopetitj First Nation (formerly Burnt Church First Nation)
  • Fort Folly First Nation
  • Indian Island First Nation
  • Kingsclear First Nation
  • Madawaska Maliseet First Nation
  • Metepenagiag Mi'kmaq Nation
  • Eel Ground First Nation (also Natoaganeg)
  • Oromocto First Nation (also Welamukotuk First Nation)
  • Pabineau First Nation
  • Saint Mary’s (Wolastoqiyik) First Nation
  • Tobique First Nation (also Neqotkuk)
  • Woodstock First Nation