For more information on provincial politics see: Québec.
| Premier | Party | Dates |
| François Legault | Coalition Avenir Québec | 2018-present |
| Philippe Couillard | Liberal | 2014-2018 |
| Pauline Marois | Parti Québécois | 2012-2014 |
| Jean Charest | Liberal | 2003-2012 |
| Bernard Landry | Parti Québécois | 2001-2003 |
| Lucien Bouchard | Parti Québécois | 1996-2001 |
| Jacques Parizeau | Parti Québécois | 1994-1996 |
| Daniel Johnson Jr. | Liberal | 1994 |
| Robert Bourassa | Liberal | 1985-1994 |
| Pierre-Marc Johnson | Parti Québécois | 1985 |
| René Lévesque | Parti Québécois | 1976-1985 |
| Robert Bourassa | Liberal | 1970-1976 |
| Jean-Jacques Bertrand | Union Nationale | 1968-1970 |
| Daniel Johnson Sr. | Union Nationale | 1966-1968 |
| Jean Lesage | Liberal | 1960-1966 |
| Antonio J. Barrette | Union Nationale | 1960 |
| Paul Sauvé | Union Nationale | 1959-1960 |
| Maurice Duplessis | Union Nationale | 1944-1959 |
| Joseph-Adélard Godbout | Libéral | 1939-1944 |
| Maurice Duplessis | Union Nationale | 1936-1939 |
| Joseph-Adélard Godbout | Liberal | 1936 |
| Louis-Alexandre Taschereau | Liberal | 1920-1936 |
| Jean-Lomer Gouin | Liberal | 1905-1920 |
| Simon-Napoléon Parent | Liberal | 1900-1905 |
| Félix-Gabriel Marchand | Liberal | 1897-1900 |
| Edmund James Flynn | Conservative | 1896-1897 |
| Louis-Olivier Taillon | Conservative | 1892-96 |
| Charles-Eugène Boucher de Boucherville | Conservative | 1891-1892 |
| Honoré Mercier | Liberal | 1887-1891 |
| Louis-Olivier Taillon | Conservative | 1887 |
| John Jones Ross | Conservative | 1884-1887 |
| Joseph-Alfred Mousseau | Conservative | 1882-1884 |
| Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau | Conservative | 1879-1882 |
| Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière | Liberal | 1878-1879 |
| Charles-Eugène Boucher de Boucherville | Conservative | 1874-1878 |
| Gédéon Ouimet | Liberal | 1873-1874 |
| Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau | Conservative | 1867-1873 |