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Article

Rebecca Belmore

Increasingly recognized as one of the most important artists of her generation, Rebecca Belmore's performances, videos, sculptures, and photographs starkly confront the ongoing history of oppression of Indigenous peoples in Canada.
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Article

Rebecca Jenkins

In 1988, Rebecca Jenkins secured a small part in Anne WHEELER's Cowboys Don't Cry, which generated four Genie Award nominations and a win for best original song. Wheeler cast Jenkins as the lead in her next film, BYE BYE BLUES (1989).
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Article

Récollets

Récollets, a reformed branch of the Franciscan family, came to France at the end of the 16th century. The main objective of the Récollets was to observe more strictly the Rule of St Francis, and like other semiautonomous branches, they came under the minister general of the Franciscans.
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Article

Reconciliation in Canada

In Canada, the process of reconciliation is tied to the federal government's relationship with Indigenous peoples. The term has come to describe attempts made by individuals and institutions to raise awareness about colonization and its ongoing effects on Indigenous peoples. Reconciliation also refers to efforts made to address the harms caused by various policies and programs of colonization, such as residential schools. For some, the word represents an opportunity to reflect on the past, to heal and to make right. For others, however, current gestures of reconciliation are merely performative and lack meaningful action to address the harms done by colonization. This is the full-length entry about Reconciliation in Canada. For a plain-language summary, please see Reconciliation in Canada (Plain-Language Summary).
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Article

Reconciliation in Canada (Plain-Language Summary)

The word reconciliation is used a lot in Canada. It is closely tied with Indigenous peoples. Indigenous peoples were harmed in many ways in the past. Children were abused in residential schools. Their languages and cultures were taken from them (see Genocide and Indigenous Peoples in Canada). The key goal of reconciliation is to heal the wounds of the past and make reparations for these wounds. Reconciliation also includes making a better future. In Canada, the process of reconciliation has only recently started. The process will continue for a long time. This article is a plain-language summary of Reconciliation in Canada. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry, Reconciliation in Canada.
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Article

Record of Service Podcast

Record of Service, a podcast presented by The Memory Project, a program of Historica Canada. In this series, we bring you interviews with Canada’s veterans—their stories of life, loss and service.
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Article

Mi’k ai’stoowa (Red Crow)

Mi’k ai’stoowa, also known as Red Crow, warrior, peacemaker, Kainai (Blood) leader (born ca. 1830 near the junction of St. Mary’s and Oldman rivers, AB; died 28 August 1900 near the Belly River on the Kainai reserve, AB). Head chief of the Kainai, Mi’k ai’stoowa was a skilled negotiator and passionate advocate for his people. Mi’k ai’stoowa sought improved conditions for the Kainai in the wake of monumental changes amid the decline of the bison in traditional territories in the 1860s and 1870s, the encroachment of European settlers and the disastrous effects of smallpox epidemics.
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Editorial

Mi’k ai’stoowa (Red Crow) and Treaty 7

The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.
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Article

Red Dress Day

Red Dress Day, also known as the National Day of Awareness for Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls and Two-Spirit People, is observed on May 5th. The day honours and brings awareness to the thousands of Indigenous women, girls and two-spirit people who have been subject to disproportionate violence in Canada. Red Dress Day was inspired by Métis artist Jaime Black’s REDress Project installation, in which she hung empty, red dresses to represent the missing and murdered women. Red dresses have become symbolic of the crisis as a result of her installation.
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Article

Red Jacket (Otetiani)

Red Jacket (Otetiani), Indigenous leader (born 1750 near Canoga, Seneca County, New York; died 30 January 1830 at Seneca Village, near Buffalo, New York). Otetiani was also known as Red Jacket. This is based on an ornate red officer's coat he received from the British. He received this coat in recognition of wartime service during the American Revolution. He supported the American side during the War of 1812.
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Timelines

Red River Colony

The Red River Colony, a key part of Manitoba's rich history, was a settlement on the Red and Assiniboine rivers whose boundaries crossed parts of what are now Manitoba and North Dakota. Founded in 1812 by Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, the colony grew through times of extreme hardship into a multiracial society. It was the site of the Red River Resistance before reluctantly joining Canada as the province of Manitoba.
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Article

Red Robinson

Robert Gordon Robinson, OBC, broadcaster, television host (born 30 March 1937 in Comox, BC; died 1 April 2023). A legendary pioneer and an icon in Canadian broadcasting, Red Robinson was the first radio disc jockey in the country to regularly play rock ‘n’ roll records, and one of the first in North America. Considered by many to be “Canada’s Dick Clark,” he was a fixture on Vancouver’s radio and television scene for sixty years. Robinson has been inducted into the Canadian Broadcast Hall of Fame, the BC Entertainment Hall of Fame and the Rockabilly Hall of Fame. He was honoured as a legendary DJ by the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and received the Order of British Columbia.
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Article

Redemptorists

Redemptorists, or the Congregation of the Most Holy Redeemer, is a worldwide community of priests and brothers, founded in 1732 by St. Alphonsus Liguori in Italy. The headquarters are in Rome. The Redemptorists have been present in Canada since 1834.
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Article

Redferne Hollinshead

(Percy) Redferne Hollinshead. Tenor, b Eye, Suffolk, England, 1885, d New York 6 Oct 1937. His father, a Baptist minister, moved the family to Canada when Redferne was six. After a few years in Ontario the Hollinsheads settled in Hartney, Man.
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Editorial

Hubert Reeves: Poet of the Stars

The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.
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