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  • Article

    Grand Trunk Railway of Canada

    In late 19th Century, the Grand Trunk Railway of Canada was the major railroad in the Province of Canada (Ontario and Quebec), connecting Toronto to Montreal.

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  • Article

    Grape

    Grape is the common name of the genus Vitis in the plant family Vitaceae.

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  • Article

    Graphite

    Graphite is one of the 4 allotropes of carbon. The other allotropes are Diamond, the fullerenes also known as "bucky balls" and amorphous carbon (charcoal, coke and carbon black). These allotropes of the same element carbon have very different crystal structures and physical properties. There are 2 types of graphite - natural and synthetic. Natural graphite is black with a sub-metallic lustre, feels greasy and stains the fingers. Graphite is found mainly in Metamorphic Rocks, most frequently in schist and as small crystals in impure marbles in association with other minerals.

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  • Article

    Grasses

    Emergence of GrasslandsGrasslands began to appear about 25 million years ago, changing the face of much of the world and providing food for grazing animals. Grasses and grazers evolved together. Grasses benefit because grazers control the growth of competing species and provide fertilizers.

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  • Article

    Grasshopper

    Grasshopper is the common name for straight-winged insects which, together with locusts, make up the order Orthoptera.

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  • Article

    Gravity

    Gravity, the fundamental physical property of attraction between all bodies, is here considered mainly as it relates to the study of the Earth.

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  • Article

    Gray Ratsnake

    The gray ratsnake (Pantherophis spiloides) is a non-venomous snake native to eastern North America. It is one of the largest snake species in North America. In Canada, the gray ratsnake is only found in southern Ontario, where it is restricted to two disjunct regions. Canadian populations are declining due to a variety of threats, including road mortality, habitat loss and intentional persecution by people. It is classified as a species at risk under Canada’s Species at Risk Act. 

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  • Article

    Gray Treefrog

    The gray treefrog (Dryophytes versicolor, synonym Hyla versicolor) is a small to medium-sized treefrog native to Central and Northeastern North America. In Canada, they are found in New Brunswick, Quebec, Ontario, Manitoba and a small part of Eastern Saskatchewan. Gray treefrogs are well camouflaged; the scientific name versicolor means “changing colour” and refers to the frog’s ability to make their skin lighter or darker. Gray treefrogs have one of the loudest calls of any North American frog.

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  • Article

    Grayling

    Grayling is the common name for freshwater fishes of class Actinopterygii, family Salmonidae (salmon), subfamily Thymallinae (sometimes elevated to family rank). 

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  • Article

    Great Auk

    The great auk (Pinguinus impennis), the largest and only flightless auk, is extinct.

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  • Article

    Great Awakening

    Great Awakening, New England-based movement of religious revivalism and evangelical pietism which came to Nova Scotia in 1775 with Henry ALLINE's decision to preach; it subsequently spread across the Maritimes. The religious currents which produced it were international and at least a century old.

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  • List

    Great Canadian Fauna

    To celebrate its 30th anniversary, The Canadian Encyclopedia created 30 lists of 30 things that make us proud to be Canadian, from famous people and historic events, to iconic foods and influential artists.

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  • Article

    Great Canadian Maple Syrup Heist

    Over the course of several months in 2011 and 2012, a team of thieves stole approximately 2,700 tonnes of maple syrup from a strategic maple syrup reserve maintained in Quebec (see Maple Syrup Industry). The theft has been popularly dubbed as the Great Maple Syrup Heist. At the time of the heist, the stolen maple syrup was valued at nearly $18 million. The heist may be one of the largest thefts in Canadian history. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Maplesyrup/maple_syrup_can_143964000.jpg Great Canadian Maple Syrup Heist

  • Article

    Great Coalition of 1864

    The politics of the Province of Canada in the early 1860s were marked by instability and deadlock. The Great Coalition of 1864 proved to be a turning point in Canadian history. It proved remarkably successful in breaking the logjam of central Canadian politics and in helping to create a new country. The coalition united Reformers and Conservatives in the cause of constitutional reform. It paved the way for the Charlottetown Conference and Confederation.

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  • Article

    Great Coalition of 1864 (Plain-Language Summary)

    In the early 1860s, politics in the Province of Canada were unstable and deadlocked. The Great Coalition of 1864 was a turning point in Canadian history. It broke the logjam and helped to create a new country. It united Reformers and Conservatives in the cause of constitutional reform. This paved the way for the Charlottetown Conference and Confederation. This article is a plain-language summary of the Great Coalition of 1864. If you would like to read about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry: Great Coalition of 1864.

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