Things | The Canadian Encyclopedia

Browse "Things"

Displaying 2881-2895 of 6515 results

  • Article

    Indian Horse

    Indian Horse (2012) is the sixth novel by Ojibwe author Richard Wagamese. Set in Northern Ontario in the late 1950s and early 1960s, it follows protagonist Saul Indian Horse as he uses his extraordinary talent for ice hockey to try and escape his traumatic residential school experience. He achieves moderate success as a hockey player but is unable to escape his “Indian” identity or the trauma from his past. Indian Horse was a finalist on CBC’s Canada Reads in 2013, where it won the People’s Choice award. It was also the winner of the 2013–14 First Nation Communities Read Selection and the Burt Award for First Nations, Inuit and Métis Literature from the Canadian Organization for Development through Education (CODE). In 2017, Indian Horse was adapted into an award-winning film by writer Dennis Foon and director Stephen S. Campanelli.

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/4d3d2720-3ba1-468f-a6a3-db37fc2ad176.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/4d3d2720-3ba1-468f-a6a3-db37fc2ad176.jpg Indian Horse

  • Article

    Ghost Pipe

    Ghost Pipe (Monotropa uniflora), a perennial plant, is the only native species of genus Monotropa found in Canada.

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/1c668a5b-8e14-48a5-b3f8-97d3ba77fa95.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/1c668a5b-8e14-48a5-b3f8-97d3ba77fa95.jpg Ghost Pipe

  • Article

    Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement

    The largest class action settlement in Canadian history to date, the Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement (IRSSA) recognized the damage inflicted on Indigenous peoples by residential schools, and established a multi-billion-dollar fund to help former students in their recovery. (See also  Reconciliation in Canada.)

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/2bd71aaf-ebc5-44e0-9f91-e4d07b16e81d.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/2bd71aaf-ebc5-44e0-9f91-e4d07b16e81d.jpg Indian Residential Schools Settlement Agreement

  • Article

    Indian Summer

    Indian Summer, popular expression for a period of mild, summerlike weather which occurs in the autumn, usually after the first frost. The origins of the name are obscure, but it was in use early in the 19th century in Canada and even earlier in the US.

    "https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Indian Summer

  • Article

    Trade Goods of the Fur Trade

    During the fur trade in Canada, items of European manufacture (historically referred to in the literature as Indian trade goods) were traded with Indigenous peoples for furs. These items include, for example, metal objects, weapons and glass beads. (See also Trade Silver.) In various ways, however, cultural exchanges went both ways. Some Europeans, namely the voyageurs, adopted various Indigenous technologies and clothing during the fur trade, including the use of moccasins, buckskin pants and hats, and snowshoes. 

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/e4ec1e55-01c2-4b77-a220-f05a84fd4c9c.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/e4ec1e55-01c2-4b77-a220-f05a84fd4c9c.jpg Trade Goods of the Fur Trade

  • Article

    Trade Silver

    Gifts of silver were presented and traded to Indigenous peoples in Canada by European fur traders. Trade silver was made by silversmiths in Quebec City, Montreal, London and various American cities, including New York, Philadelphia and Detroit. (See also Fur Trade in Canada and Trade Goods of the Fur Trade.) 

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/TradeSilverHBC.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/TradeSilverHBC.jpg Trade Silver

  • Article

    Indians of Canada Pavilion

    The Indians of Canada Pavilion was a part of Expo 67 in Montreal, Quebec. It was created by First Nations peoples from across Canada. They took advantage of the opportunity to share with Canada and the world provocative histories of colonial resistance. The pavilion was separate from other provincial and national pavilions at Expo 67. It displayed contemporary Indigenous issues and showcased contemporary art (see Contemporary Indigenous Art in Canada). Few traces of the Indians of Canada Pavilion remain beyond archival sources and photographs. It was dismantled along with many of the other pavilions created for the exposition. Kwakwaka’wakw artists Tony Hunt and Henry Hunt carved a totem pole for the exterior of the pavilion site. While nearly all of the pavilion was destroyed, the totem pole still stands in Montreal on Île Notre-Dame. The pavilion’s impact resonates today as a significant step towards change.

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/IndiansOfCanadaPavilion/pavilion_edifice_resized.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/IndiansOfCanadaPavilion/pavilion_edifice_resized.jpg Indians of Canada Pavilion

  • Macleans

    India's Former PM Charged

    For nearly a quarter of a century, their names have been inextricably linked. From Delhi's opulent salons to the bazaars of Madras, Indians of every political stripe have puzzled over the unswerving devotion of former prime minister P. V.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on October 7, 1996

    "https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 India's Former PM Charged

  • Article

    Indigenous Archaeology in Canada

    Indigenous archaeology is a set of approaches to archaeology with, by and for Indigenous peoples. In particular, Indigenous archaeology is practised in colonial nations such as Canada, the United States, Australia and New Zealand. Indigenous archaeology emerged out of Indigenous peoples voicing their concerns about non-Indigenous archaeologists studying Indigenous pasts without engaging with Indigenous peoples in the present. Indigenous archaeology brings together Indigenous peoples and archaeologists through partnerships and collaborations. Together, they work to understand the past in ways that consider multiple perspectives and integrate Indigenous knowledge into archaeological interpretation. 

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/IndigenousArchaeology/MetisWinter.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/IndigenousArchaeology/MetisWinter.jpg Indigenous Archaeology in Canada

  • Article

    Indigenous Feminisms in Canada

    At their root, Indigenous feminisms examine how gender and conceptions of gender influence the lives of Indigenous peoples, historically and today. Indigenous feminist approaches challenge stereotypes about Indigenous peoples, gender and sexuality, for instance, as they appear in politics, society and the media. Indigenous feminisms offer frameworks for learning about and understanding these, and other issues, regardless of one’s gender or ethnicity.

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/IndigenousFeminisms/MMIWG activists.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/IndigenousFeminisms/MMIWG activists.jpg Indigenous Feminisms in Canada

  • Article

    Indigenous Language Revitalization in Canada

    Before European settlement in Canada, Indigenous peoples spoke a wide variety of languages. As a means of assimilating Indigenous peoples, colonial policies like the Indian Act and residential schools forbade the speaking of Indigenous languages. These restrictions have led to the ongoing endangerment of Indigenous languages in Canada. Indigenous communities and various educational institutions have taken measures to prevent more language loss and to preserve Indigenous languages.

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/fda808dc-4ff3-4652-8bb4-4543f8e7aed5.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/fda808dc-4ff3-4652-8bb4-4543f8e7aed5.jpg Indigenous Language Revitalization in Canada

  • Article

    Indigenous Oral Histories and Primary Sources

    Oral histories play an integral role in Indigenous cultures. They transmit important histories, stories and teachings to new generations. Oral histories — a type of primary source — let Indigenous peoples teach about their own cultures in their own words. Other types of primary sources, such as artifacts from historical Indigenous communities, also transmit knowledge about Indigenous histories and ways of life. Academics, researchers and museum curators use such sources to highlight Indigenous perspectives.

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Elder-sharing-a-storyWilliamEWeissArt-Archive.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Elder-sharing-a-storyWilliamEWeissArt-Archive.jpg Indigenous Oral Histories and Primary Sources

  • Article

    Indigenous Peoples and the World Wars

    Thousands of Indigenous peoples served in the Canadian military forces in the First World War and Second World War; most were volunteers. On the home front, most Indigenous communities participated in the national war effort in diverse ways. The world wars were dramatic events for Indigenous peoples in Canada (see Indigenous Peoples and the First World War and Indigenous Peoples and the Second World War). Conflict offered these marginalized populations opportunities to renew warrior cultural traditions, reaffirm sacred treaties, prove their worth to indifferent non-Indigenous Canadians, break down social barriers and find good jobs.

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/807e5d85-0d60-4180-8400-b1badabf3486.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/807e5d85-0d60-4180-8400-b1badabf3486.jpg Indigenous Peoples and the World Wars

  • Article

    Indigenous Services Canada

    Indigenous Services Canada (part of the former Indigenous/Indian and Northern Affairs Canada or INAC) was created by the federal government in 2017 to provide and support the delivery of services such as health care, child care, education and infrastructure to First Nations, Métis and Inuit communities. The overarching vision of the department is to support self-determination as a means of providing Indigenous peoples with the power to deliver their own services. 

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/5fa84076-4dad-4e4d-b343-7d76fb4427b9.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/5fa84076-4dad-4e4d-b343-7d76fb4427b9.jpg Indigenous Services Canada

  • Article

    Indigenous Suffrage

    From the colonial era to the present, the Canadian electoral system has evolved in ways that have affected Indigenous suffrage (the right to vote in public elections). Voting is a hallmark of Canadian citizenship, but not all Indigenous groups (particularly status Indians) have been given this historic right due to political, socio-economic and ethnic restrictions. Today, Canada’s Indigenous peoples — defined in Section 35 (2) of the Constitution Act, 1982 as Indians (First Nations), Métis and Inuit — can vote in federal, provincial, territorial and local elections.

    "https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/bd7dcb30-05e5-4ba5-a9f7-9adea1ed9928.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/bd7dcb30-05e5-4ba5-a9f7-9adea1ed9928.jpg Indigenous Suffrage