Military | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    The American Response to the Canadian Rebellions of 1837–38

    By December 1837 and January 1838, rebels from Upper and Lower Canada had suffered heavy defeats at the hands of British and Loyalist forces. (See: Rebellion in Lower Canada; Rebellion in Upper Canada.) They fled to the United States to seek financial and military assistance. The American public was aware that there had been armed conflicts in the Canadas. Many were even initially supportive. However, the presence of Canadian rebels on American soil forced many to question American involvement. The growing tensions with Great Britain over the Caroline Affair complicated matters. The creation of the Republic of Texas and the fight over the abolition of slavery were also factors. In January 1838, US President Martin Van Buren took steps to ensure America’s neutrality in the Canadian rebellions.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/a4abe204-c34a-4e1d-95d4-4b754e7b9598.jpg The American Response to the Canadian Rebellions of 1837–38

  • Article

    The Elsie Initiative for Women in Peace Operations

    The Elsie Initiative for Women in Peace Operations is a Canadian-led multilateral project aimed at increasing women’s meaningful participation in peace operations. Named after aeronautical engineer and women’s rights pioneer Elsie MacGill, the initiative figures into Canada’s feminist foreign policy and Global Affairs Canada’s commitment to the United Nations’ Women, Peace and Security agenda (see Canada and Peacekeeping).

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/008643e1-8d7f-4f2b-85d8-7c3f94caecd6.png The Elsie Initiative for Women in Peace Operations

  • Article

    The Governor General's Foot Guards Band

    The Governor General's Foot Guards Band, Ottawa. Volunteer militia band formed soon after the establishment of the regiment in 1872. Based on the personnel of the Ottawa Brigade Artillery Band, the ensemble made its debut 15 Jun 1872 under its first director, John C. Bonner.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 The Governor General's Foot Guards Band

  • Macleans

    The Great War Haunts Us Still

    IT'S BEEN 90 YEARS now since the Guns of August began to fire, and the smoke has yet to clear from the world they made. The fault lines of modern history - from the quagmire in Iraq through Yugoslavia's implosion to the Cold War and beyond - all branch back to the cataclysm of 1914-1918.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on November 8, 2004

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 The Great War Haunts Us Still

  • Article

    The Memory Project

    The Memory Project is a national bilingual program whose mandate is to record and share the stories of veterans and currently serving Canadian Forces members. The Memory Project has two branches: a Speakers Bureau and an Archive.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/b5d10d9d-bc08-4d55-969d-32c81691fbeb.jpg The Memory Project

  • Article

    The Nancy and the War of 1812

    The Nancy was a schooner built in 1789 at the then-British port of Detroit, by a Montréal shipbuilding company under the supervision of John Richardson (whose daughter's and wife's names were Nancy).

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 The Nancy and the War of 1812

  • Article

    The New Canadian

    The New Canadian (1938–2001) was an English-language newspaper published by and for the Japanese Canadian community. Initially, the newspaper was founded as a forum for second-generation Japanese Canadians to express and foster their identity as English-speaking Canadians and to support a mission of “cultural, economic, and political assimilation.” (See also Canadian English; Languages in use in Canada.) The newspaper became the primary source of both English- and Japanese-language news for Japanese Canadians during their forced uprooting from the west coast in the 1940s (see Internment of Japanese Canadians). It continued to be published in the postwar years, with its English-language content shifting towards social and community news while its Japanese-language section grew in importance for pre-war and postwar Japanese immigrants. The newspaper was sold to Japan Communications in 1990 and its final edition was published in 2001.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/thenewcanadian/thenewcanadian.jpg The New Canadian

  • Interview

    No. 2 Construction Battalion and the Fight to Fight

    No. 2 Construction Battalion, Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) — also known as the Black Battalion — was a segregated non-combatant unit during the First World War. It was the largest Black unit in Canadian military history. This is their story.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/6421f56d-9180-4137-ad07-62e0a47e8141.jpg No. 2 Construction Battalion and the Fight to Fight

  • Editorial

    Montcalm, Wolfe and the memory of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham

    The following article is an editorial written by The Canadian Encyclopedia staff. Editorials are not usually updated.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/30d46f28-8fea-44c4-9c87-e552ab723c5c.jpg Montcalm, Wolfe and the memory of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham

  • Article

    The Quebec Act, 1774 (Plain-Language Summary)

    In 1759, the British defeated the French on the Plains of Abraham. Soon after, the British took control of Quebec (see also The Conquest of New France.) The Quebec Act of 1774 was passed to gain the loyalty of the French who lived in the Province of Quebec. The Act had serious consequences for Britain’s North American empire. The Quebec Act was one of the direct causes of the American Revolution. (This article is a plain-language summary of The Quebec Act, 1774. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry on The Quebec Act, 1774.)

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/bcf0dcc3-ce34-4098-8543-00bcccbaabe0.jpg The Quebec Act, 1774 (Plain-Language Summary)

  • Article

    The Royal 22e Régiment

    The Royal 22e Régiment (R22eR) is one of the three infantry regiments of the Canadian Regular Force (see Canadian Armed Forces). It is a francophone regiment made up of five battalions, of which three belong to the Regular Force and two to the Reserve Force. In 2014, the R22eR celebrated its 100th anniversary. Its headquarters are at the Citadelle de Québec. The regiment has participated in all of Canada’s major military engagements since the First World War, including the United Nations peace missions and the campaign in Afghanistan.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/R22eR/R22eR_in_Korea.jpg The Royal 22e Régiment

  • Article

    The Royal Canadian Dragoons

    The Royal Canadian Dragoons (RCD) is the senior of three regular armoured regiments in the Canadian Army. The regiment was established in 1883 as a cavalry unit. Since then, it has served in major conflicts at home and overseas, including the North-West Rebellion, Boer War, First and Second World Wars and, more recently, the war in Afghanistan. The Dragoons have also served in peace operations in Egypt, Cyprus, Somalia and the Balkans. The regiment has been based at CFB Petawawa, Ontario, since 1987. It is currently part of 2nd Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group, 4th Canadian Division. A detached squadron serves at CFB Gagetown, New Brunswick.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Dragoons/Dragoons_1891.jpg The Royal Canadian Dragoons

  • Article

    The Battle of York

    A crushing defeat for the British in the War of 1812, the sacking of York began on the morning of 27 April 1813. At dawn, a flotilla of 16 American ships under Commodore Isaac Chauncey made its way to the capital of Upper Canada, York [Toronto]. Landing to the west, the Americans suppressed the small group of warriors defending the shore, while knocking out the town's meagre batteries. The American force of approximately 1,700 men easily assumed control. With the fort poorly defended by an undersized garrison of 700 soldiers and backed by an unenthusiastic (indeed, almost wholly absent) militia, the British general, Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe, retreated. He left behind two local militia officers to negotiate the terms of surrender.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/SirIsaacBrockShip.jpg The Battle of York

  • Article

    Seven Years’ War (Plain-Language Summary)

    The Seven Years’ War (1756–63) was the first global war. In North America, Britain and France fought each other with the help of Indigenous allies. At the end of the war, France gave Canada (Quebec) and Ile Royale (Cape Breton) to Britain, among other territories. This is the reason that Canada has a British monarch but three founding peoples — French, British and Indigenous. (This article is a plain-language summary of the Seven Years’ War. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry Seven Years’ War.)

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/JamesWolfe/Benjamin_West_DeathofGeneralWolfe.jpg Seven Years’ War (Plain-Language Summary)

  • Article

    The “Van Doos” and the Great War

    As the only combatant unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF) whose official language was French, the 22nd (French Canadian) Infantry Battalion, commonly referred to as the “Van Doos” (from vingt-deux, meaning twenty-two in French), was subject to more scrutiny than most Canadian units in the First World War.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/11751af0-ec83-4753-8f2b-bb38ed576b7f.jpg The “Van Doos” and the Great War