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  • Article

    Battle of Saint-Eustache

    The Battle of Saint-Eustache was a battle that occurred between Patriote forces and British troops on 14 December 1837 during the first rebellion in Lower Canada. This third and final battle of this rebellion ended in crushing defeat for the Patriotes. On that day, some 300 to 600 rebels found themselves trapped in the village of Saint-Eustache, encircled by nearly 1500 redcoats. The Patriotes were forced to surrender after a bitter struggle in which 70 of their number died. The church of Saint-Eustache, in which they had taken refuge, still bears the scars from the cannonballs fired by the British artillery.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Battle_of_Saint_Eustache/battle_saint_eustache_church.jpg Battle of Saint-Eustache

  • Article

    Battle of Sainte-Foy

    On 28 April 1760, during the Seven Years’ War, the confrontation known as the battle of Sainte-Foy took place on the heights of Quebec City between the French and British armies. Seven thousand men under the command of French general François-Gaston de Lévis met 3,400 soldiers under the command of General James Murray in violent combat which ended with a major victory for the French. Following the battle, the French laid an unsuccessful siege to Quebec City and were eventually forced to retreat due to the arrival of British reinforcements on the St. Lawrence River.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/bataille-de-sainte-foy.jpg Battle of Sainte-Foy

  • Article

    Battle of Stoney Creek

    The rather casual pace and attitude of the US forces provided an opportunity for the British. A local youth named Billy Green had gathered critical intelligence on the approaching US forces, including their location and disposition.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/cd94fe20-51df-49eb-ad0a-8333778ae2e8.jpg Battle of Stoney Creek

  • Article

    Battle of Stoney Creek National Historic Site of Canada

    Stoney Creek National Historic Site commemorates a British victory over American forces at the Battle of Stoney Creek fought on 6 June 1813 in the settlement of Stoney Creek, now part of the city of Hamilton.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/cd94fe20-51df-49eb-ad0a-8333778ae2e8.jpg Battle of Stoney Creek National Historic Site of Canada

  • Article

    Battle of the Atlantic

    The Battle of the Atlantic, from 1939 to 1945, was the longest continuous battle of the Second World War. Canada played a key role in the Allied struggle for control of the North Atlantic, as German submarines worked furiously to cripple the convoys shipping crucial supplies to Europe. Victory was costly: more than 70,000 Allied seamen, merchant mariners and airmen lost their lives, including approximately 4,400 from Canada and Newfoundland. Many civilians also lost their lives, including 136 passengers of the ferry SS Caribou. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/8cb80cb6-7ee5-4b1d-b742-922466dbc5f3.jpg Battle of the Atlantic

  • Article

    Battle of the Châteauguay National Historic Site of Canada

    The Battle of the Châteauguay National Historic Site commemorates the Battle of Châteauguay, a battle in the War of 1812 that took place on 26 October 1813. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/5f9964d3-d547-4911-8a4b-2d4a5414bf75.jpg Battle of the Châteauguay National Historic Site of Canada

  • Article

    Battle of the Gothic Line

    In the Second World War, Canadians began fighting in Italy in July 1943. By the summer of 1944, the Allies had pushed German forces to one of their last defensive positions — a stretch of heavily fortified territory in northern Italy known as the Gothic Line. The main job of breaking the Line fell to the I Canadian Corps, which accomplished the task after a month of difficult combat, at a cost of more than 4,500 casualties. Although overshadowed by the Allied invasion of France, cracking the Gothic Line was among Canada's greatest feats of arms of the war.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/7228f4e4-083c-4b6e-80ae-91dcf7ae8d7c.jpg Battle of the Gothic Line

  • Article

    Battle of the Plains of Abraham

    The Battle of the Plains of Abraham (13 September 1759), also known as the Battle of Quebec, was a pivotal moment in the Seven Years’ War and in the history of Canada. A British invasion force led by General James Wolfe defeated French troops under the Marquis de Montcalm, leading to the surrender of Quebec to the British. Both commanding officers died from wounds sustained during the battle. The French never recaptured Quebec and effectively lost control of New France in 1760. At the end of the war in 1763 France surrendered many of its colonial possessions — including Canada — to the British. (This is the full-length entry about the Battle of the Plains of Abraham. For a plain-language summary, please see Battle of the Plains of Abraham (Plain-Language Summary).)

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/ea7e8555-9481-4ebb-9585-dc9a4abd22d8.jpg Battle of the Plains of Abraham

  • Article

    Battle of the Plains of Abraham (Plain-Language Summary)

    The Battle of the Plains of Abraham took place on 13 September 1759. The Plains of Abraham are in Quebec City. It was fought between the French and their Indigenous allies against the British. The British won. Losing the battle was a major defeat for the French. Soon after, France lost all of Quebec. In 1763, France gave all of Canada to Britain. The era of New France was over. Until Confederation in 1867, Britain would control the colonies that became Canada. (See Confederation (Plain-Language Summary).) (This article is a plain-language summary of the Battle of the Plains of Abraham. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry, Battle of the Plains of Abraham.)

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/Taking_of_Quebec.jpg Battle of the Plains of Abraham (Plain-Language Summary)

  • Article

    Battle of the Rhineland

    The Battle of the Rhineland 8 Feb-10 Mar 1945, was fought by the FIRST CANADIAN ARMY (with XXX British Corps under command) and Ninth US Army while forcing back the Germans to the Rhine R.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/9dc2699d-4a76-4320-8015-7df85b5492a6.jpg Battle of the Rhineland

  • Article

    Canada and the Battle of the Somme

    The Battle of the Somme, also known as the Somme Offensive, was fought during the First World War from 1 July to 18 November 1916. In the summer of 1916 the British launched the largest battle of the war on the Western Front, against German lines. The offensive was one of the bloodiest in human history. Over the course of five months, approximately 1.2 million men were killed or wounded at the Somme. The Canadian Corps (see Canadian Expeditionary Force) was involved in the final three months of fighting. On the first day of the offensive, the First Newfoundland Regiment, which was not part of the Canadian forces, was nearly annihilated at Beaumont-Hamel. The Battle of the Somme produced little gains and has long been an example of senseless slaughter and the futility of trench warfare (see also The Somme).

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/somme3-1.jpg Canada and the Battle of the Somme

  • Article

    Battle of the St. Lawrence

    The Battle of the St. Lawrence was an extension of the larger Battle of the Atlantic— the German campaign during the Second World War to disrupt shipping from North America to the United Kingdom. Between 1942 and 1945, German submarines (U-boats) repeatedly penetrated the waters of the St. Lawrence River and Gulf, sinking 26 ships and killing hundreds. It was the first time since the War of 1812 that naval battles were waged in Canada's inland waters.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/517fb1f8-1594-4d4f-a7cd-9c84c456c1d8.jpg Battle of the St. Lawrence

  • Article

    Battle of the Thames (Moraviantown)

    The Battle of the Thames (sometimes called the Battle of Moraviantown) occurred 5 October 1813, during the War of 1812. Following the American naval victory under Captain Oliver H.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/32ebdaa1-6004-4100-9bdd-5565c2c10307.jpg Battle of the Thames (Moraviantown)

  • Article

    Battle of Tippecanoe

    The Battle of Tippecanoe, on 7 November 1811, was an American victory over First Nations during Tecumseh's War (see also Tecumseh). The Old Northwest, incorporating the region north of the Ohio River and east of the Mississippi, witnessed several wars between the US and Indigenous peoples beginning in 1785. American complaints that the British aided Indigenous peoples in resisting American settlement of the Old Northwest have been cited as one of the causes of the War of 1812.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/26510149-77ba-4109-baf1-1c8bffba4b12.jpg Battle of Tippecanoe

  • Article

    Battle of Vimy Ridge (Plain-Language Summary)

    Vimy Ridge is in northern France. From 9 to 12 April 1917 the Canadian Corps fought a battle against the German army there. It was on the Western Front in the First World War. The Canadians won. The Canadian Corps was made up of four divisions. This was the first time they fought together. More than 10,000 Canadians were killed and wounded. Many Canadians believe Vimy Ridge gave birth to the Canadian nation. Not everyone believes this.This article is a plain-language summary of “The Battle of Vimy Ridge”. If you are interested in reading this about this topic in more depth, please see the full-length entry, Battle of Vimy Ridge.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/vimy_foundation/VF1-2/VF2-10.jpg Battle of Vimy Ridge (Plain-Language Summary)