Browse "Indigenous Peoples"

Displaying 106-120 of 295 results

Article

Idle No More (Plain-Language Summary)

Idle No More is a protest movement that started in November 2012. It started as a protest against Bill C-45. This Bill covered many things. The activists argued that the Bill was bad for Indigenous communities and the environment. The movement quickly gained many supporters. This article is a plain-language summary of Idle No More. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry, Idle No More.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/00339332-5ac9-4b3b-8578-b7200b7db6fc.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/00339332-5ac9-4b3b-8578-b7200b7db6fc.jpg
Article

Indian Status (OLD)

Indian is a term that is now considered outdated and offensive, but has been used historically to identify Indigenous peoples in South, Central and North America. In Canada, “Indian” also has legal significance. It is used to refer to legally defined identities set out in the Indian Act, such as Indian Status. For some Indigenous peoples, the term “Indian” confirms their ancestry and protects their historic relationship to the Crown and federal government. For others, the definitions set out in the Indian Act are not affirmations of their identity.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/174cee51-4aca-4a67-ac60-f72697d35862.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/174cee51-4aca-4a67-ac60-f72697d35862.jpg
Article

Indian Status

Indian Status is a legal identity defined by the Indian Act. It applies to some Indigenous peoples in Canada. People with status, known as Status Indians (or Registered Indians), fit the criteria for status as laid out in the Act. The terms of status — including who is considered Indian under the law — have changed over time. Outside legal contexts, Indian is a term that is now considered outdated and offensive.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/174cee51-4aca-4a67-ac60-f72697d35862.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/174cee51-4aca-4a67-ac60-f72697d35862.jpg
Article

Indian

The term Indian, when used to identify Indigenous peoples in South, Central and North America, is considered outdated and offensive. In Canada, the term has been used historically to refer to Indigenous peoples, but it also has modern legal significance. It is used to refer to legally defined identities set out in the Indian Act, such as Indian Status. For some Indigenous peoples, the term Indian confirms their ancestry and protects their historic relationship to the Crown and federal government. For others, the definitions set out in the Indian Act are not affirmations of their identity. (The term Indian in the context of this article does not refer to Indian people of South Asia. For more information on people of that community, please see South Asian Canadians.)
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/174cee51-4aca-4a67-ac60-f72697d35862.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/174cee51-4aca-4a67-ac60-f72697d35862.jpg
List

Indigenous Women Activists in Canada

An activist is someone who works to bring about social or political change. Many Indigenous people in Canada have been at the forefront of movements that concern issues like the environment, Indigenous and treaty rights, equal access to education and health care, the rights of women and children, and more. Indigenous women have taken up causes that affect their families and communities. This article names some of the many Indigenous women activists in Canada who have effectively championed important causes. (See also Indigenous Women’s Issues in Canada.)
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/a28fc4c4-7840-4edc-ad7e-7bee27a74e64.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/a28fc4c4-7840-4edc-ad7e-7bee27a74e64.jpg
Article

Indigenous Elders in Canada

Elders are respected individuals who play key roles in Indigenous communities. They are important knowledge keepers, and they also help to ensure cultural continuity. As living connections to the past, Elders serve as teachers, healers, advisors and counsellors. Elder knowledge is culturally specific, meaning Anishinaabeg teachings, for example, are not necessarily Haudenosaunee teachings. However, Elders share some commonalities; for instance, spirituality and tradition shape their lives as well as the guidance they provide to others.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/elder2-1.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/elder2-1.jpg
Article

Indigenous Feminisms in Canada

At their root, Indigenous feminisms examine how gender and conceptions of gender influence the lives of Indigenous peoples, historically and today. Indigenous feminist approaches challenge stereotypes about Indigenous peoples, gender and sexuality, for instance, as they appear in politics, society and the media. Indigenous feminisms offer frameworks for learning about and understanding these, and other issues, regardless of one’s gender or ethnicity.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/IndigenousFeminisms/MMIWG activists.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/IndigenousFeminisms/MMIWG activists.jpg
Article

Indigenous Language Revitalization in Canada

Before European settlement in Canada, Indigenous peoples spoke a wide variety of languages. As a means of assimilating Indigenous peoples, colonial policies like the Indian Act and residential schools forbade the speaking of Indigenous languages. These restrictions have led to the ongoing endangerment of Indigenous languages in Canada. Indigenous communities and various educational institutions have taken measures to prevent more language loss and to preserve Indigenous languages.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/fda808dc-4ff3-4652-8bb4-4543f8e7aed5.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/fda808dc-4ff3-4652-8bb4-4543f8e7aed5.jpg
Collection

Indigenous Material Culture in Canada

Material culture refers to physical forms of culture. This includes art, monuments, buildings, tools, weapons, money, clothing, religious items, and other artifacts. The design and function of these objects directly reflects the society that made them. A society’s history and geography also influence the creation and meaning of such items. The study of material culture helps us to understand human behaviour and the way that people interact with objects. This collection explores Indigenous material culture...
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/12312958-dfa5-4132-af16-a075bd3c0165-1.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/12312958-dfa5-4132-af16-a075bd3c0165-1.jpg
List

Notable Indigenous Olympians in Canada

Drawing inspiration from the Olympic Games in ancient Greece, the modern Olympics began in 1896. Like the Olympics, the Paralympic Games take place every two years, alternating between summer and winter sports. Indigenous athletes from Canada have competed at these games and brought home medals. They have represented the country in various sports at the Olympics, from long-distance running to skiing to water sports and more. This article explores some of the most notable Indigenous Olympians from Canada.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/AngelaChalmers/AngelaChalmers1.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/AngelaChalmers/AngelaChalmers1.jpg
Article

Indigenous Oral Histories and Primary Sources

Oral histories play an integral role in Indigenous cultures. They transmit important histories, stories and teachings to new generations. Oral histories — a type of primary source — let Indigenous peoples teach about their own cultures in their own words. Other types of primary sources, such as artifacts from historical Indigenous communities, also transmit knowledge about Indigenous histories and ways of life. Academics, researchers and museum curators use such sources to highlight Indigenous perspectives.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Elder-sharing-a-storyWilliamEWeissArt-Archive.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Elder-sharing-a-storyWilliamEWeissArt-Archive.jpg
Article

Indigenous Peoples and the World Wars

Thousands of Indigenous peoples served in the Canadian military forces in the First World War and Second World War; most were volunteers. On the home front, most Indigenous communities participated in the national war effort in diverse ways. The world wars were dramatic events for Indigenous peoples in Canada (see Indigenous Peoples and the First World War and Indigenous Peoples and the Second World War). Conflict offered these marginalized populations opportunities to renew warrior cultural traditions, reaffirm sacred treaties, prove their worth to indifferent non-Indigenous Canadians, break down social barriers and find good jobs.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/807e5d85-0d60-4180-8400-b1badabf3486.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/807e5d85-0d60-4180-8400-b1badabf3486.jpg
Article

Indigenous Perspectives on the Fur Trade

Indigenous peoples in Canada were essential players in the fur trade of the early 17th to the mid-19th centuries. They provided animal furs, including highly sought-after beaver pelts, to European traders, who, in turn, gave Indigenous peoples manufactured items like pots, beads, textiles and weapons. While some past historians have framed the fur trade as a predominately unequal commercial exchange, it was conducted according to First Nations laws and principles, and worked to transform strangers into kin and sometimes even enemies into allies. When European traders arrived in North America, they entered an Indigenous world on Indigenous terms and travelled and traded there only with the co-operation and goodwill of First Nations. Indigenous peoples taught European newcomers how to behave in the fur trade, emphasizing the importance of gift-giving, reciprocity and family obligations. From an Indigenous perspective then, the fur trade was as much about family, co-operation and reciprocity as it was about commerce and exchange.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/IPFurTrade.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/IPFurTrade.jpg
Article

Indigenous Services Canada

Indigenous Services Canada (part of the former Indigenous/Indian and Northern Affairs Canada or INAC) was created by the federal government in 2017 to provide and support the delivery of services such as health care, child care, education and infrastructure to First Nations, Métis and Inuit communities. The overarching vision of the department is to support self-determination as a means of providing Indigenous peoples with the power to deliver their own services.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/5fa84076-4dad-4e4d-b343-7d76fb4427b9.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/5fa84076-4dad-4e4d-b343-7d76fb4427b9.jpg
Article

Indigenous Suffrage

From the colonial era to the present, the Canadian electoral system has evolved in ways that have affected Indigenous suffrage (the right to vote in public elections). Voting is a hallmark of Canadian citizenship, but not all Indigenous groups (particularly status Indians) have been given this historic right due to political, socio-economic and ethnic restrictions. Today, Canada’s Indigenous peoples — defined in Section 35 (2) of the Constitution Act, 1982 as Indians (First Nations), Métis and Inuit — can vote in federal, provincial, territorial and local elections.
```
"https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/bd7dcb30-05e5-4ba5-a9f7-9adea1ed9928.jpg" // resources/views/front/categories/view.blade.php
```
https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/bd7dcb30-05e5-4ba5-a9f7-9adea1ed9928.jpg