Browse "Nature & Geography"

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Article

Trillium

Trillium, common and generic name of a perennial plant of the Trilliaceae family (sometimes classified as a subfamily of the LILY family). The name derives from the arrangement of leaves, petals and sepals in groups of 3. The
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Article

Triticale

Triticale (Triticosecale Wittmack), the first man-made crop species, is initially produced by crossing wheat (genus Triticum) with rye (Secale), and resembles wheat.
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Article

Trout

Trout is the common name given to the species of freshwater fish from 3 genera, all members of the salmon family (Salmonidae).
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Tsunami

In the deep ocean a tsunami travels at about the speed of a commercial jetliner and its length from crest to crest can be 100 km or more, but its height will be less than a metre and therefore it will not be noticed by ships at sea.
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Article

Tuna

The tuna is a swift, elegant marine fish of class Actinopterygii, order Perciformes, family Scombridae (mackerels).
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Article

Tungsten

Tungsten (W), also called Wolfram, lapis ponderosus or Heavy Stone, is a silver-grey metallic element with the highest melting point of any metal (3410° C). Tungsten has a high density, high strength at elevated temperatures and extreme hardness.
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Tunnels

Unlike other mountainous countries such as Switzerland, and despite its size, Canada is not distinguished by well-known tunnels.
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Turnip

Turnip (Brassica rapa, Rapifera Group), biennial vegetable belonging to the Cruciferae family and grown in all provinces as a root crop.
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Article

Turtle Species in Canada

Turtles are reptiles with a bony shell that belong to the order Testudines. Turtles have been very successful from an evolutionary standpoint and have persisted, relatively unchanged, since they first evolved more than 200 million years ago. Eight species of freshwater turtles and four species of sea turtles can be found in Canada. In addition, two species — the Pacific pond turtle and the eastern box turtle — are extirpated. This means that, while they continue to live in other parts of their range, they are no longer found in Canada. There are 14 extant taxonomic families of turtles worldwide, six of which are found in Canada: Chelydridae (snapping turtles), Trionychidae (softshell turtles), Kinosternidae (musk and mud turtles), Emydidae (pond and marsh turtles), Dermochelyidae (leatherback sea turtle) and Cheloniidae (hard-shelled sea turtles). In Canada, turtles are found from coast to coast, from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, although they are absent from the territories in the North.
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Article

Turtle Island

For some Indigenous peoples, Turtle Island refers to the continent of North America. The name comes from various Indigenous oral histories that tell stories of a turtle that holds the world on its back. For some Indigenous peoples, the turtle is therefore considered an icon of life, and the story of Turtle Island consequently speaks to various spiritual and cultural beliefs. This is the full-length entry about Turtle Island. For a plain-language summary, please see Turtle Island (Plain-Language Summary).
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Article

Tyrant Flycatcher

The tyrant flycatcher (family Tyrannidae) is a large, diverse New World bird family. The name flycatcher also refers to some members of the Old-World family Muscicapidae and a few other birds.
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Macleans

Unfamiliar territory

Author J.B. MacKinnon’s latest explores our ever-shrinking, increasingly unnatural worldThis article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on March 3, 2014
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Uranium

Uranium oxide was first identified in 1789 by M.H. Klaproth in the MINERAL pitchblende, but its distinctive property of radioactivity was discovered much later (1896) by Henri Becquerel.
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Article

Urban Heat Island Effect

The urban heat island effect is a phenomenon created by city infrastructure like buildings, roads and rooftops, which absorb heat from the sun and re-emit this heat back into the air. This can cause higher air temperatures in urban areas. While some 27 million Canadians are affected by the urban heat island effect, many Canadian cities are creating green spaces with plants and trees and passing new urban design policies to reduce the impact of the urban heat island effect.
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Article

Vegetation Regions

Canada has seven primary vegetation regions, in addition to the marine flora found along the country’s coasts. Vegetation regions are geographical areas characterized by distinct plant communities. Community composition, determined primarily by climate (e.g., temperature, precipitation and sunlight), may be affected by factors such as geology, soil composition and erosion, water drainage patterns and human interference. Each vegetation region supports a characteristic animal community that may also affect its composition. This is a full-length entry about Vegetation Regions. For a plain-language summary, please see Vegetation Regions (Plain-Language Summary).
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