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After the War of 1812, Upper Canada began to develop rapidly. This resulted in social and economic tensions and political issues. These included the expulsion of Robert Gourlay, the Alien Question, the Anglican monopoly of the Clergy Reserves and education, and Tory control of patronage.
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Régis Labeaume, mining executive, businessman, politician, 37th mayor of Quebec City (2007-2021), born 2 May 1956 in Roberval, QC). During his leadership of Quebec City, Labeaume attracted businesses and high-profile entertainers to his city, but he did not succeed in bringing back a coveted National Hockey League franchise.
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René Lévesque, premier of Québec 1976-85, politician, journalist, nationalist (born 24 Aug 1922 in Campbellton, NB; died 1 November 1987 in Montréal, QC).
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Richard Bedford Bennett, 1st Viscount Bennett of Mickleham, Calgary and Hopewell, businessman, lawyer, politician, philanthropist, prime minister of Canada 7 August 1930 to 23 October 1935 (born 3 July 1870 in Hopewell Hill, NB; died 26 June 1947 in Mickleham, England). R.B. Bennett is perhaps best remembered for his highly criticized response to the Great Depression, as well as the subsequent unemployment relief camps and the On to Ottawa Trek and Regina Riot. However, he also created the Bank of Canada, the Canadian Wheat Board and the Canadian Radio Broadcasting Commission, which became the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. He also oversaw Canada’s signing of the Statute of Westminster. For his service during the Second World War, he was appointed to Britain’s House of Lords and became Viscount Bennett of Mickleham, Calgary and Hopewell.
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Richard John Philip Jermy Gwyn, OC, journalist, author, bureaucrat (born 26 May 1934 in Bury St. Edmunds, England; died 15 August 2020 in Toronto, ON). Richard Gwyn was one of Canada’s preeminent political analysts. He spent 30 years as a columnist with the Toronto Star, winning two National Newspapers Awards and a National Magazine Award. He was a regular panelist on public affairs programs and published several award-winning books, including definitive biographies of Joey Smallwood, Pierre Trudeau and Sir John A. Macdonald. Gwyn was made an Officer of the Order of Canada in 2002 and served as Chancellor of St. Jerome’s University at the University of Waterloo from 2002 to 2007.
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Richard (Dick) Macauley Ivey, CC, QC, lawyer, businessperson and philanthropist (born 26 October 1925 in London, ON; died 28 December 2019 in Toronto, ON). Richard M. Ivey had a long career as a corporate lawyer and business executive, but he is best known for his philanthropy. Working through his family’s Ivey Foundation, he supported education, medicine and the arts, in particular. The name of the world-renowned Ivey Business School at Western University recognizes his and his family members’ contributions to the university.
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Richard Wagner, PC, lawyer, justice of the Superior Court of Quebec, justice of the Quebec Court of Appeal, justice and chief justice of the Supreme Court of Canada (born 2 April 1957 in Montreal, QC). Richard Wagner has been a justice on the Supreme Court of Canada since 5 October 2012. An expert in litigation and commercial law, he is one of three justices on the bench from Quebec. He has been Chief Justice of Canada since 18 December 2017. He also served as administrator of the Government of Canada (interim governor general) for six months in 2021 following the sudden resignation of Julie Payette. As chief justice, Wagner has sought to make the Supreme Court more transparent and accessible.
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Robert Bruce Ford, municipal politician, mayor of Toronto 2010–2014 (born 28 May 1969 in Etobicoke, ON; died 22 March 2016 in Toronto, ON).
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Robert Bourassa, premier of Québec (1970–1976 and 1985–1994), politician, lawyer, economist (born 14 July 1933 in Montréal, QC; died 2 October 1996 in Montréal).
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Macleans
This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on October 14, 1996. Partner content is not updated. For Bourassa, the battle ended at 5:45 last Wednesday morning in a room on the eighth floor of the midtown Montreal hospital where he had been under care since August.
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Robert Sympson Jameson (born 5 June 1796 in Harbridge, United Kingdom; died 1 August 1854 in Toronto, Ontario), lawyer and politician. Robert Jameson was the last British-appointed attorney general of Upper Canada (1833–37) and the first speaker of the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada (1841–43).
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Robert Keith (Bob) Rae, CC, OOnt, PC, lawyer, politician (born 2 August 1948 at Ottawa, Ontario). A prominent lawyer, community activist and author, Rae has served as a federal (1978-82; 2008-2013) and provincial politician (1982-96), premier of Ontario (1990-1995), interim leader of the federal Liberal Party (2011-2013), and as a government-appointed official. In July of 2020, Rae was named Canadian ambassador to the United Nations. Rae's family had substantial ties to Ottawa; his father Saul had been a senior diplomat, while his brother John was a long-time advisor to former Liberal Prime Minister Jean Chrétien.
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Robert Silverman (a.k.a. Bicycle Bob), cycling enthusiast, activist (born 30 November 1933 in Montreal, QC; died 20 February 2022 in Sainte-Agathe-des-Monts, QC). Silverman is recognized for his efforts to promote cycling as a primary means of transportation in Montreal (see Bicycling). Popularly known for his theatrical protest methods, he also aimed to develop and improve safe cycling infrastructure (see Active Citizenship; Political Protest). Silverman co-founded the cycling safety and advocacy group Le Monde à bicyclette and is credited with having laid the social and cultural foundation for Montreal’s extensive bike lane network and general bicycle-friendly atmosphere.
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Robert White, OC, labour leader (born 28 April 1935 in Upper Lands, Northern Ireland; died 19 February 2017 in Kincardine, ON). Among his many achievements as a union organizer, White was the founding president of the Canadian Auto Workers union. His autobiography, Hard Bargains: My Life on the Line, was published in 1987.
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Roberta Louise Jamieson, OC, Kanyen'kehà:ka (Mohawk) lawyer, ombudsman, Six Nations chief, policy advisor, senior mediator, businesswoman (born in 1953 at Six Nations of the Grand River Territory near Brantford, ON). Jamieson was the first Indigenous woman in Canada to earn a law degree (1976); first non-Parliamentarian appointed to a House of Commons committee (1982); first woman appointed ombudsman in Ontario (1989); and first woman elected as Six Nations chief (2001).
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