Business & Economics | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    String Instrument Making

    Traditionally, the French word 'lutherie,' used in both French and English, denotes the art of building bowed string instruments - violin, violas, cellos, and double-basses - and the bows themselves.

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  • Article

    Sun Life Financial

    Sun Life Financial, based in Toronto, is one of Canada’s largest insurance companies. It has operations located around the world and offers insurance and other investment products to individuals and corporate clients. Total assets of the company have grown from $74 million in 1915, to $55.8 billion in 2000 and $271.8 billion in 2018. Its shares trade on the Toronto, New York and Philippines stock markets.

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  • Article

    Sun Media Corporation

    Sun Media Corporation, a subsidiary of Quebecor Media, is Canada's largest publisher of English-language tabloid newspapers, was formed on 4 February 1978, through the amalgamation of Toronto Sun Holdings Ltd and Toronto Sun Publishing Ltd.

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  • Article

    Sun (Vancouver)

    The Sun, Vancouver's largest daily newspaper, first appeared as The Vancouver Sun, 12 February 1912, "to consistently advocate the principles of Liberalism." Under publisher Robert Cromie and his sons, the Sun tended to support the Liberals but was often critical of them.

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  • Article

    Sunday Shopping

    On 24 April 1985 the Supreme Court of Canada in the BIG M DRUG MART case struck down the Lord's Day Act on the grounds that it contravened the freedom of religion and conscience provision in the CANADIAN CHARTER OF RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS.

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  • Article

    Supply Management in Canada

    Supply management is a system designed to control the supply — and thereby stabilize the price — of Canadian dairy, chicken, turkey and egg products (see Poultry Farming). It began in 1972 as a response to a series of crises that farmers faced due to decreasing prices for these products.

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  • Article

    Sustainability in Canada

    Sustainability is the ability of the biosphere, or of a certain resource or practice, to persist in a state of balance over the long term. The concept of sustainability also includes things humans can do to preserve such a balance. Sustainable development, for instance, pairs such actions with growth. It aims to meet the needs of the present while ensuring that future people will be able to meet their needs.

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  • Article

    Sutherland Steam Mill

    The Sutherland Steam Mill, situated in Denmark, NS, is a provincial HISTORIC SITE. Most of the early sawmills in NOVA SCOTIA relied on water power, but in the 1890s, when Alexander Sutherland built this mill, steam power was rapidly replacing water power for most industrial uses.

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  • Article

    Sydney Steel Corporation

    The government, faced with a socially unacceptable shutdown, formed a CROWN CORPORATION to keep the industry alive. The plant consists of 2 small blast furnaces and several basic open-hearth furnaces, with an annual raw-steel capacity of about 910 000 tonnes.

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  • Article

    Eaton's

    Founded in 1869, the T. Eaton Company Ltd., commonly known as Eaton’s, was an iconic Canadian department store with a retail presence in every province, at its height. From its beginnings as a retail store in Toronto to its eventual bankruptcy and absorption into its long-time rival, Sears Canada, Eaton’s significantly shaped Canadian shopping. The Eaton’s name and legacy persist today, from Toronto’s Eaton Centre to the red bricks incorporated into the facade of Winnipeg’s Bell MTS Place, a reminder of the former Eaton’s store that stood on the site for so long.

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  • Article

    Taxation in Canada

    Taxes are mandatory payments by individuals and corporations to government. They are levied to finance government services, redistribute income, and influence the behaviour of consumers and investors. The Constitution Act, 1867 gave Parliament unlimited taxing powers and restricted those of the provinces to mainly direct taxation (taxes on income and property, rather than on activities such as trade). Personal income tax and corporate taxes were introduced in 1917 to help finance the First World War (see Income Tax in Canada). The Canadian tax structure changed profoundly during the Second World War. By 1946, direct taxes accounted for more than 56 per cent of federal revenue. The federal government introduced a series of tax reforms between 1987 and 1991; this included the introduction of the Goods and Services Tax (GST). In 2009, the federal, provincial and municipal governments collected $585.8 billion in total tax revenues

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  • Article

    Toronto-Dominion Bank (TD)

    The Toronto-Dominion Bank, commonly known as TD, is the second largest chartered bank in Canada. The Toronto-Dominion Bank is the result of the past mergers of three financial companies: The Bank of Toronto, The Dominion Bank, and Canada Trust. The mergers began in 1955 when The Dominion Bank merged with The Bank of Toronto. This group then acquired Canada Trust in 2000, creating a new entity called TD Canada Trust. Toronto-Dominion Bank is a public company that trades on the Toronto Stock Exchange and the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol TD. In 2022, TD registered $49.03 billion in revenue and $17.43 billion in net income and held $1.92 trillion in assets. The bank employs approximately 94,867 people, who serve more than 27 million customers.

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  • Macleans

    TD Bids for Canada Trust

    This article was originally published in Maclean’s magazine on August 16, 1999. Partner content is not updated. Edmund Clark is accustomed to trouble. Clark, 51, a career civil servant and financial services manager, was once nicknamed "Red Ed" for his role as one of the federal bureaucrats who designed the Trudeau government's National Energy Program in 1980.

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  • Article

    Texaco Canada Inc

    Texaco Canada Inc Texaco Canada Inc was one of Canada's largest integrated petroleum companies, with world-scale conventional oil and natural gas production in Alberta; exploration programs in Canada's Western Basin and Beaufort Sea; and significant exploration in Canada's offshore as well as in Brazil and West Africa. Incorporated in 1927 as McColl-Frontenac Oil Co Ltd, the company became Texaco Canada Ltd in 1959. It adopted its present name in 1978 as a result of its...

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  • Article

    Textile Industry

    The textile industry includes establishments that convert synthetic and natural fibres into yarn, cloth, felt, etc, for use in MANUFACTURING clothing, upholstery, household linens, etc. The textile and CLOTHING INDUSTRIES together are among Canada's largest manufacturing-sector employers.

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