Nature & Geography | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Saxifrage

    Flowers, mostly small, commonly white or yellow, are borne as terminal clusters on hairy stalks. Plants form tufted, spreading cushions, frequently giving striking patches of colour. S.

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  • Article

    Scale Insect

    Scale Insect, highly specialized insect belonging to order Hemiptera, suborder Homoptera, super-family Coccoidea.

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  • Article

    Scallop

    Scallop is a bivalve (hinged shell) mollusc of suborder Pectinina. Scallops are found in all seas. 

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    Scorpion

    A scorpion is a carnivorous and venomous arthropod of the class Arachnida, order Scorpiones. Known from fossils 425-450 million years old, scorpions are among the oldest terrestrial animals.

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  • Article

    Scorpionfish

    Scorpionfish, or rockfish (Scorpaenidae), family of bottom-dwelling, marine fishes with large heads, mouths and eyes, stout bodies and large pectoral fins. 

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  • Article

    Scotian Shelf

    Scotian Shelf, a 700 km section of the Continental Shelf off Nova Scotia. Bounded by the Laurentian Channel on the NE, and Northeast Channel and the Gulf of Maine on the SW, it varies in width from 120 to 240 km; the average depth is 90 m.

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    Sea Ice

    Sea ice formed by the freezing of seawater and floats on the surface of the polar oceans. Its coverage varies with the seasons; in the Northern Hemisphere sea ice ranges from a minimum of about 9 million km2 in September to a maximum of about 16 million km2 in March. In the Southern Hemisphere the range is from 3 million to 19 million km2, with the minimum and maximum coverage occurring in February and September respectively. The thickness of sea ice can vary from a few centimetres for newly formed ice in protected locations to 20 m or more in ridges; however, typical thicknesses are about 3 m in the Arctic and about 1 m in the Antarctic.

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    Sea Lion

      The northern sea lion, also called the Steller sea lion (Eumetopias jubatus), is the largest of the eared SEALS.

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    Sea Otter

    Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris), largest and most marine weasel, lives exclusively in shallow seas of the N Pacific, formerly from Japan to California.

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    Sea Urchin

    Sea Urchin, radially symmetrical marine invertebrate. Sea urchins and near relatives, the sand dollars and heart urchins, belong to class Echinoidea of phylum Echinodermata.

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    Seabird

    Seabirds are those bird species which spend long periods away from land and obtain all or most of their food from the sea while flying, swimming or diving, and occupy all of the world's oceans.

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    Seal

    Seal is a common name given to a diverse group of aquatic, generally marine mammals of the order Pinnipedia.

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    Seashell

    Shell is a hard covering made primarily of calcium carbonate, secreted by invertebrate animals (eg, molluscs, barnacles, sea urchins).

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    Seaweeds

    Seaweeds are multicellular marine algae, visible to the naked eye. They extend from the uppermost reaches of sea spray on the shore to the lower limits of light beneath the surface of the water.

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  • Article

    Sedge

    Sedge is a grasslike plant common throughout temperate and cold regions. The genus name, Carex (family Cyperaceae), is probably derived from keiro, referring to the sharp leaf margins.

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