Nature & Geography | The Canadian Encyclopedia

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  • Article

    Sedimentary Rock

     Only about 5% of the Earth's crust is composed of sedimentary rocks, but they cover 70-75% of the exposed surface and contain many economically important minerals, as well as coal and petroleum.

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  • Article

    Seed Plants

    The common feature uniting seed plants is the "seed habit," a unique method of sexual reproduction. In all vascular plants, the conspicuous plant is a spore producer (sporophyte) that alternates, in the life cycle, with a sexual phase (gametophyte).

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  • Article

    Shark

    A shark is a marine fish with cartilaginous skeleton belonging to subclass Elasmobranchii, class Chondrichthyes, order Pleurotremata. 

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  • Article

    Shearwater

    The shearwater (order Procellariiformes, family Procellariidae) is a medium-sized seabird.

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  • Article

    Shooting Star

    Shooting Star (genus Dodecatheon) is a perennial herbaceous plant of Primulaceae family (primrose).

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  • Article

    Shrew

    Shrew (Soricidae), family of small insectivores represented today by approximately 250 species worldwide, 16 in Canada. 

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    Shrike

    Shrike is the common name for the family Laniidae of singing birds. 

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  • Article

    Shrimp

    Shrimp are decapods ("10-footed") crustacean, differing from other decapods in being adapted for swimming, a fact reflected in the large, laterally compressed abdomen and well-developed pairs of swimming legs.

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  • Article

    Silica

    Silica, or silicon dioxide (SiO2), occurs as the MINERAL quartz and is the most abundant mineral of the Earth's crust. It also occurs in the skeletal parts of some animals (eg, certain protozoa) and various plants.

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  • Article

    Silver

    Important producing countries now are Mexico, Peru, the Commonwealth of Independent States, the US, Canada, Australia, Chile, Poland and China. Photographic films and papers account for about 25% of the demand for silver.

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  • Article

    Silviculture

    Silviculture is the branch of FORESTRY that deals with establishing, caring for and reproducing stands of trees for a variety of forest uses including wildlife habitat, timber production and outdoor recreation.

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  • Article

    Skunk

     The skunk is a carnivorous, cat-sized mammal. Skunks were previously considered as part of the weasel family (Mustelidae) but DNA research has placed them in their own family, Mephitidae. 

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  • Article

    Sky

    The sky appears its deepest blue when the air is dry and clean. Water vapour and dust scatter all colours of light, causing the blue to appear washed-out and pale.

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  • Article

    Slug

    Slug is a common name for several terrestrial pulmonate and numerous marine gilled species of gastropod molluscs conspicuous by the lack of an exposed shell.

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  • Article

    Smelt

    Smelt (Osmeridae), family of small, iridescent fishes of class Osteichthyes, found in coastal seas, streams and lakes of the northern hemisphere. 

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