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  • Article

    Alternative Media in Canada

    Alternative media provide a range of perspectives and ideas that are not necessarily available in the profit-driven media products and outlets that dominate the Canadian mediascape. They include traditional media forms, such as books, newspapers, magazines, television, radio and film, as well as nontraditional and so-called “new media” forms such as zines and online publications and podcasts. Some definitions also include street theatre, murals, postering and culture jamming.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Alternative Media in Canada

  • Article

    Aluminum in Canada

    Aluminum is a lightweight, strong and flexible metal that resists corrosion and is 100 per cent recyclable. It is a common material in vehicles, buildings, consumer goods, packaging, power transmission and  electronics. Canada’s aluminum industry began at the turn of the 20th century and grew quickly during both World Wars. In 2022, Canada produced approximately 3.0 million tonnes of primary aluminum, making it the world's fourth largest primary aluminum producer. The country nevertheless accounts for 4.4 per cent of global production. Aside from one smelter in Kitimat, British Columbia, all Canadian plants are in the province of Quebec. Click here for definitions of key terms used in this article.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/Aluminum/dreamstime_xl_111789085.jpg Aluminum in Canada

  • Macleans

    Alzheimer's Battle

    At first, the effects are almost imperceptible: a man or woman cannot find keys or forgets the name of a loved one. As Alzheimer's disease continues to destroy nerve cells in the brain, the incidents become more frequent - and more troubling.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on March 13, 2000

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  • Macleans

    Alzheimer's Gene Found

    Frances Hodge was only 47 when Alzheimer's disease began to destroy her brain. The first symptoms appeared in 1975, when her memory began to fail. By the early 1980s, she could no longer talk, and in 1986 she entered a nursing home, where she remained until her death four months ago.This article was originally published in Maclean's Magazine on July 10, 1995

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  • Article

    Amabile Choirs of London, Canada

    ConductorsBarron and Zadorsky have led the Youth Singers from their inception; the Boys Choir was led by Carol Beynon (1990 to present), Bevan Keating (1990-2001), and Ken Fleet (2001 to present). All five have shared conducting duties for the Chamber Choir.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/076f242a-db4f-4c47-a036-fae35ce0cf02.jpg Amabile Choirs of London, Canada

  • Article

    Amadeus Ensemble

    Amadeus Ensemble. A string ensemble formed in Toronto in 1984, the Amadeus Ensemble gave its first subscription concert 27 Jan 1985. Its original principal players were Moshe Hammer and Fujiko Imajishi, violins; Douglas Perry, viola; Peter Schenkman, cello; and Joel Quarrington, double bass.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Amadeus Ensemble

  • Article

    Amateur Sports Organization

    The earliest athletic body organized to administer sport was the Montreal Amateur Athletic Association (MAAA). Formed in 1881, it comprised clubs for lacrosse, swimming and bicycling. The first national organization was the Amateur Athletic Association of Canada, founded in 1884.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Amateur Sports Organization

  • Article

    Amati Quartets

    Three string quartets bearing the name Amati have been based in Canada. Two separate Amati string quartets have performed on 17th-century instruments built by the Amati family of Italy, and owned by the University of Saskatchewan in Saskatoon. A third unrelated Amati String Quartet was based in Ontario, primarily Toronto, from 1985 to 2000.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/b77c4746-ed9c-40e2-90da-8eba5521ec77.jpg Amati Quartets

  • Article

    The Disappearance of Ambrose Small

    On 2 December 1919, a day after completing a million-dollar business transaction in Toronto, entertainment tycoon Ambrose Small mysteriously disappeared. Despite an international search, no trace of him was ever found. Police suspected foul play and investigated Small’s wife and personal secretary. However, neither the police nor a private investigator uncovered any evidence connecting them to his disappearance. The Ambrose Small case remains one of Canada’s most perplexing and legendary unsolved mysteries.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/5b98e440-d985-42f9-92c3-b7ac6c3c1ecd.jpg The Disappearance of Ambrose Small

  • Article

    American Bullfrog

    The American Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus) is a large bullfrog native to Eastern and central North America. Within Canada, it is native to Ontario, Quebec, New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, and introduced in British Columbia. The bullfrog is the largest frog species in North America. It is known to be an opportunistic predator and will often attempt to eat anything smaller than itself. (See also Frog Species in Canada.)

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/americanbullfrog/bullfrog.jpg American Bullfrog

  • Article

    American Civil War and Canada

    The American Civil War (1861–65) was fought between the northern (Union) states and the southern (Confederate) states, which withdrew from the United States in 1860–61. The war left cities in ruins, shattered families and took the lives of an estimated 750,000 Americans. The war also involved those living in what is now Canada, including roughly 40,000 who joined the fight. The war played a significant role in how and when Canada became an independent country.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/Recruits_Wanted.jpg American Civil War and Canada

  • Article

    American Eel

    The American eel (Anguilla rostrata) is an elongated fish with a round body and long dorsal fin. It is one of about 35 eel species found in Canadian waters and the only freshwater eel species found in North America. In Canada, the American eel is treasured and valued as food by many Indigenous peoples, including the Mi’kmaq, Innu, Abenaki, Haudenosaunee and Cree. Common names for the American eel include Atlantic eel, common eel and freshwater eel. Indigenous peoples in Canada have their own names for eel. For example, the Mi’kmaq call the eel katew (singular) and kataq (plural) while the Cree refer to it as kinebikoinkosew. Eels are fished recreationally and commercially in Canada.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/AmericanEel/BabyAmericanEel.jpg American Eel

  • Article

    American Mastodon

    The American mastodon (Mammut americanum) is an extinct species of proboscidean. Although they likely resembled mammoths and elephants in external appearance, American mastodons belong to the taxonomic family Mammutidae and mammoths and elephants to Elephantidae. The earliest record of the American mastodon dates to about 3.75 million years ago, and comes from south-central Washington in the United States. In Canada, fossil evidence of American mastodons is restricted to the latter portions of the Pleistocene epoch (2.68 million–10,000 years ago). American mastodons lived across much of Canada. Paleontologists have found fossils in Yukon, the Northwest Territories, British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick. Later records of mastodons in Canada overlap in time with archaeological records of Indigenous people. However, while there is evidence that people hunted American mastodons at the Manis Site in Washington, to-date no similar evidence has been found in Canada. American mastodons went extinct around 10,000 years ago. 

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  • Article

    American Revolution and Canada

    In 1775 at the start of the American Revolution, rebel forces invaded Canada, occupying Montreal and attacking the town of Quebec. American privateers also raided Atlantic ports, and revolutionary sympathizers in Nova Scotia attempted a rebellion in that colony. Although the rebel forces were defeated in Canada, the 13 American colonies won their war for independence from Britain, sparking another kind of invasion – a wave of Loyalist emigration that would change the make-up of Canada.

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  • Article

    American Robin

    The American robin (Turdus migratorius) is the largest and best-known member of the thrush family in Canada. 

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