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  • Article

    Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitancy in Canada

    Vaccination is the introduction of a vaccine into the body to produce immunity to a disease. Vaccine hesitancy is the refusal or delayed acceptance of vaccination due to fears or anxiety about vaccines. It includes a range of concerns such as uncertainty about the contents of vaccines, their safety and the belief that vaccines are responsible for causing other medical conditions (e.g., autism). Other factors include opposition to state control and infringement on individual liberty, suspicions about the pharmaceutical industry and a declining faith in science and medicine. In Canada, as in other wealthy countries, vaccine hesitancy has increased in recent years, including resistance to vaccination among some Canadians during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is the full-length entry about Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitancy in Canada. For a plain-language summary, please see Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitancy in Canada (Plain-Language Summary). 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/BoyGettingVaccine.jpg Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitancy in Canada

  • Article

    Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitancy in Canada (Plain-Language Summary)

    A vaccine is put into the body (usually through injection) to make people immune from a disease. Another word for immune is “protect.” Vaccine hesitancy occurs when people will not take a vaccine, or they wait to take a vaccine. Vaccines prevent millions of deaths each year. But many individuals still do not want to take vaccines. As a consequence, some diseases have reappeared. And it can stop herd immunity. Herd immunity happens when most people are immune from a disease. Herd immunity stops the spread of disease. The World Health Organization says that vaccine hesitancy is a serious threat. In fact, it stated that it is one of the “Top Ten Threats to Global Health.” This article is a plain-language summary of Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitancy in Canada. If you are interested in reading about this topic in more depth, please see our full-length entry, Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitance in Canada. 

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/new_article_images/PolioVaccine/Acc1260.jpg Vaccination and Vaccine Hesitancy in Canada (Plain-Language Summary)

  • Article

    Valentine Shortis Case

    The 1895 Valentine Shortis murder trial was a landmark case in Canadian judicial history. It revealed inadequacies in the legal definitions of criminal responsibility and insanity, and because of political implications, reached into the highest offices of government.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/7d4c12d0-3d54-47cc-af08-64ed43ae55b1.jpg Valentine Shortis Case

  • Article

    Valérie

    Valérie (1969), the first of a group of erotic films now known as "maple-syrup porno," launched the career of director Denis HÉROUX.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Valérie

  • Article

    Van der Peet Case

    In the R. v. Van der Peet case (1996), the Supreme Court of Canada defined and restricted what constitutes Indigenous rights, as previously defined by the R. v. Sparrow case (1990). Criticized for narrowing the scope of Indigenous rights, the Van der Peet test — a set of criteria established by the court to prove Indigenous rights — stipulates that the Indigenous custom, practice or tradition in question must be integral to the distinctive culture of the Aboriginal group claiming the right and originate from before contact with the Europeans.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/787b0637-ecea-46b2-bdd4-801e175a39b3.jpg Van der Peet Case

  • Article

    Vancouver Asahi

    The Asahi was a Japanese Canadian baseball club in Vancouver (1914–42). One of the city’s most dominant amateur teams, the Asahi used skill and tactics to win multiple league titles in Vancouver and along the Northwest Coast. In 1942, the team was disbanded when its members were among the 22,000 Japanese Canadians who were interned by the federal government (see Internment of Japanese Canadians). The Asahi were inducted into the Canadian Baseball Hall of Fame in 2003 and the British Columbia Sports Hall of Fame in 2005.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/Twitter_Cards/Asahi.jpg Vancouver Asahi

  • Article

    Vancouver Canucks

    The Vancouver Canucks are a franchise in the National Hockey League. The team had been a member of the Pacific Coast Hockey League, and then the Western Hockey League, since 1945.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/1b0f9576-1f14-4996-81d4-c64a29075d4e.jpg Vancouver Canucks

  • Article

    Vancouver Feature: Asahis Win Terminal City Championship

    The following article is a feature from our Vancouver Feature series. Past features are not updated. During the 1920s Oppenheimer Park, also known as the Powell Street Grounds, was home to the best baseball team in the city. The Asahi drew its members from the surrounding Japanese-Canadian community. It all ended with the outbreak of World War Two.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/7bd7e2c8-07d9-4cf2-931c-5dd2665c08e1.jpg Vancouver Feature: Asahis Win Terminal City Championship

  • Article

    Vancouver Feature: BC Electric Building Opens

    The following article is a feature from our Vancouver Feature series. Past features are not updated. When BC Electric chairman Dal Grauer decided to move to new headquarters south of Georgia Street, he wanted a building that would symbolize optimism and progress. What he got was a gleaming 21-storey modernist structure that glowed with electric light 24 hours a day.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/786462ad-73b4-4b09-8cfe-42b7ffc9878b.jpg Vancouver Feature: BC Electric Building Opens

  • Article

    Vancouver Feature: Bloody Sunday

    The following article is a feature from our Vancouver Feature series. Past features are not updated. That stately building at the northwest corner of Hastings and Granville is known as the Sinclair Centre today. It houses federal offices, upscale clothing shops and a small mall. It was once Vancouver’s main Post Office, the site of “Bloody Sunday,” a violent Depression-era clash between police and unemployed workers.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/68bd4143-42cd-452f-b912-c0bb15531b11.jpg Vancouver Feature: Bloody Sunday

  • Editorial

    Vancouver Feature: Canada’s First Gas Station Opens for Business

    The following article is a feature from our Vancouver Feature series. Past features are not updated. The first gasoline-powered automobile had arrived in Vancouver in 1904, and there were not many more by 1907. But that year someone in the local Imperial Oil office determined that filling cars with a bucket and funnel was not very safe. So the first Canadian filling station — a hot-water tank and a garden hose — was set up at the company’s storage yard at Cambie and Smithe.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Vancouver Feature: Canada’s First Gas Station Opens for Business

  • Editorial

    Vancouver Feature: Fledgling City Incinerated in Minutes

    The following article is a feature from our Vancouver Feature series. Past features are not updated. It was a scorching summer day, but a strong breeze was blowing from Burrard Inlet. Workers were burning off timber they had cleared from Canadian Pacific Railway lands. With a sudden gust, the wood frame buildings of tiny Vancouver were aflame. Twenty-five minutes later, there wasn’t much left of the two-month-old city.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Vancouver Feature: Fledgling City Incinerated in Minutes

  • Article

    Vancouver Feature: Gassy Jack Lands on the Burrard Shore

    The following article is a feature from our Vancouver Feature series. Past features are not updated. When Capt. Jack Deighton and his family pulled their canoe onto the south shore of the Burrrard Inlet in 1867, Jack was on one more search for riches. He had been a sailor on British and American ships, rushed for gold in California and the Cariboo, piloted boats on the Fraser River and ran a tavern in New Westminster. He was broke again, but he wasted no time in starting a new business and building the settlement that would become Vancouver.

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/d42db575-2f13-49ab-96f0-7fc7e79eb690.jpg Vancouver Feature: Gassy Jack Lands on the Burrard Shore

  • Editorial

    Vancouver Feature: Ironworkers Plunge to their Deaths

    The following article is a feature from our Vancouver Feature series. Past features are not updated. The Second Narrows Bridge was intended to replace the nearby, accident prone bridge which had been hit countless times by ships. But on June 17, 1958, while still under construction, the new span suddenly seemed to inherit the curse of its forebearer.

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    https://development.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/images/tce_placeholder.jpg?v=e9dca980c9bdb3aa11e832e7ea94f5d9 Vancouver Feature: Ironworkers Plunge to their Deaths

  • Editorial

    Vancouver Feature: Japanese-Canadians Held at Hastings Park

    The following article is a feature from our Vancouver Feature series. Past features are not updated. For a century the Pacific National Exhibition has entertained families each summer with a mix of hair-raising Midway rides, live music and agricultural exhibits. But in 1942 the fun fair was a prison camp for thousands of displaced Japanese-Canadians

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    https://d2ttikhf7xbzbs.cloudfront.net/media/media/0bec6156-0467-4a97-909f-da599383381d.jpg Vancouver Feature: Japanese-Canadians Held at Hastings Park